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Cited by 304Racial and Ethnic Identity ResearchMigration, Refugees, and IntegrationUrban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 185 of the 188 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The Changing Racial and Ethnic Composition of the US Population: Emerging American Identities

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Perez, Anthony Daniel, Hirschman, Charles·2009·Population and Development Review
DOI 10.1111/j.1728-4457.2009.00260.xPMC PMC2882688
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Abstract

Images and interpretations of the past, present, and future of the American racial and ethnic landscape are contradictory. Many accounts focus on the increasing diversity that results from immigration and differential natural increase as well as the proliferation of racial and ethnic categories in census data. Less attention has been paid to the formation and erosion of racial and ethnic identities produced by intermarriage and ethnic blending. The framers and custodians of census racial classifications assume a “geographic origins” definition of race and ethnicity, but the de facto measures in censuses and social surveys rely on folk categories that vary over time and are influenced by administrative practices and sociopolitical movements. We illustrate these issues through an in‐depth examination of the racial and ethnic reporting by whites, blacks, Asians, and Hispanics in the 2000 census. The emerging pattern, labeled here as the “Americanization” of racial and ethnic identities, and most evident for whites and blacks, is of simplified racial identities with little acknowledgment of complex ancestries. National origin is the predominant mode of reporting racial and ethnic identities among Asians and Hispanics, especially first‐generation immigrants. The future of racial and ethnic identities is unknowable, but continued high levels of immigration, intermarriage, and social mobility are likely to blur contemporary divisions and boundaries.

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Show all 188 references

Research works printed but not linked: 38

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Metadata

Authors
Perez, A. D., & Hirschman, C.
Affiliations
University of Washington (US)
Venue
Population and Development Review
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2009-03
Volume
35
Issue
1
Pages
1-51
ISSN
  • 0098-7921 (ISSN-L)
  • 1728-4457
DOI
10.1111/j.1728-4457.2009.00260.x
PMC
PMC2882688
OpenAlex
W1964179061
Cited by
302
References
188
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 6
FWCI
28.14
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 18 d)
Locations
  • Population and Development Review (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD047289, R24HD042828, R24HD041028)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration, Refugees, and Integration
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies
Keywords
racial and ethnic composition, racial identity, ethnic identity, intermarriage, 2000 census, Americanization, national origin, immigration, natural increase, census categories, social mobility, Hispanic Americans, Asians, white, black

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