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THE APPLICATION OF EXPLORATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS IN APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY: A CRITICAL REVIEW AND ANALYSIS
Abstract
Although factor analysis has been a major contributing factor in advancing psychological research, a systematic assessment of how it has been applied is lacking. For this review we examined the Journal of Applied Psychology, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, and Personnel Psychology over a ten‐year period (1975–1984) and located 152 studies that employed factor analysis. We then analyzed the choices made by the researchers concerning factor model, retention criteria, rotation, interpretation of factors and other issues relevant to factor analysis. The results indicate that choices made by researchers have generally been poor and that reporting practices have not allowed for informed review, cumulation of results, or replicability. A comparison of results by time interval (1975–1979; 1980–1984) revealed minimal differences in choices made or the quality of reporting practices. Suggestions for improving the use of factor analysis and the reporting of results are presented.
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PROMAX: A QUICK METHOD FOR ROTATION TO OBLIQUE SIMPLE STRUCTURE
Hendrickson, A. E., & White, P. O. (1964) · British Journal of Statistical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8317.1964.tb00244.x · Cited by 1,009
Armstrong, J. S. (1967) · The American Statistician · doi:10.1080/00031305.1967.10479849 · Cited by 165
Cited by
Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological research.
Fabrigar, L. R., Wegener, D. T., MacCallum, R. C., & Strahan, E. J. (1999) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.4.3.272 · Cited by 9,587
Self-citationA Brief Tutorial on the Development of Measures for Use in Survey Questionnaires
Hinkin, T. R. (1998) · Organizational Research Methods · doi:10.1177/109442819800100106 · Cited by 4,095
A Review of Scale Development Practices in the Study of Organizations
Hinkin, T. R. (1995) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/014920639502100509 · Cited by 3,193
Factor Retention Decisions in Exploratory Factor Analysis: a Tutorial on Parallel Analysis
Hayton, J. C., Allen, D. G., & Scarpello, V. (2004) · Organizational Research Methods · doi:10.1177/1094428104263675 · Cited by 3,104
Exploratory Factor Analysis: A Guide to Best Practice
Watkins, M. W. (2018) · Journal of Black Psychology · doi:10.1177/0095798418771807 · Cited by 2,218
Metadata
- Authors
- FORD, J. K., MacCALLUM, R. C., & TAIT, M.
- Venue
- Personnel Psychology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1986-06
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 291-314
- ISSN
- 0031-5826 (ISSN-L)
- 1744-6570
- OpenAlex
- W2041404177
- Cited by
- 1,732
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 4.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- FORD, J. K., MacCALLUM, R. C., & TAIT, M. (1986). THE APPLICATION OF EXPLORATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS IN APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY: A CRITICAL REVIEW AND ANALYSIS. Personnel Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1986.tb00583.x
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