A Brief Tutorial on the Development of Measures for Use in Survey Questionnaires

Hinkin, Timothy R.

doi:10.1177/109442819800100106

Cited by 4,095Psychometric Methodologies and TestingSurvey Methodology and NonresponseBusiness Strategies and Management Research

A Brief Tutorial on the Development of Measures for Use in Survey Questionnaires

Hinkin, Timothy R.·1998·Organizational Research Methods

DOI 10.1177/109442819800100106

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Abstract

The adequate measurement of abstract constructs is perhaps the greatest challenge to understanding the behavior of people in organizations. Problems with the reliability and validity of measures used on survey questionnaires continue to lead to difficulties in interpreting the results of field research. Price and Mueller suggest that measurement problems may be due to the lack of a well-established framework to guide researchers through the various stages of scale development. This article provides a conceptual framework and a straightforward guide for the development of scales in accordance with established psychometric principles for use infield studies

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The study followed widely accepted methodological guidelines and frameworks.
“In doing so, we followed widely accepted methodological guidelines and frameworks ( Churchill 1979; De Vellis 2003; Hinkin 1998; MacKenzie et al. 2011).”
From Trust in the Sharing Economy (2016) · cites this paper as Hinkin 1998

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“Cortina (1993) found that scales with many items may have high internal consistency reliabilities even if item intercorrelations are low, an argument in favor of shorter scales with high internal consistency.”
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Authors: Hinkin, T. R.
Affiliations: Cornell University (US)
Corresponding author: Hinkin, Timothy R.
Venue: Organizational Research Methods
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 1998-01
Volume: 1
Issue: 1
Pages: 104-121
ISSN: 1094-4281 (ISSN-L)
1552-7425
DOI: 10.1177/109442819800100106
OpenAlex: W2096812562
Cited by: 4,095
References: 8
Citations by year: 2026: 429 · 2025: 355 · 2024: 318 · 2023: 293 · 2022: 348 · 2021: 296 · 2020: 293 · 2019: 263 · 2018: 210 · 2017: 168 · 2016: 164 · 2015: 154 · 2014: 154 · 2013: 118 · 2012: 134
FWCI: 17.71
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Organizational Research Methods (publishedVersion)
Cornell Peter and Stephanie Nolan School of Hotel Administration (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
eCommons (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Business Strategies and Management Research
Keywords: scale development, questionnaire survey, reliability statistics, validity, conceptual framework, organizational behavior research

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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A Brief Tutorial on the Development of Measures for Use in Survey Questionnaires

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