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Structure and Biomass of Four Lowland Neotropical Forests
Abstract
We contrasted the structure and biomass of four lowland Neotropical forests (La Selva, Costa Rica; Barro Colorado Island, Panama; Cocha Cashu, Peru; and KM41, Brazil) to determine if commonalities exist within and among forests differing in latitude, rainfall, seasonality, and soil fertility. We examined the effect of soil fertility specifically by measuring the density and basal area of trees, lianas, and palms on two soil types differing in fertility at each site. We used allometric relationships to estimate the contribution of the various life‐forms to total aboveground biomass (AGB) and compared two relationships for trees 30 cm diameter or greater. Estimated liana density and AGB were similar among sites, but the density and AGB of trees and palms, estimated using diameter alone, differed significantly. Basal area and AGB of trees 10 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) or greater differed among forests and averaged 30.2 m 2/ha and 250 Mg/ha, respectively. Cocha Cashu and KM41 had higher tree basal area and AGB than La Selva or Barro Colorado Island. Across forests, lianas and small trees (1–10 cm DBH) each contributed between 4 and 5 percent of the total AGB and small palms contributed ca 1 percent. Many forest inventories ignore lianas, as well as trees and palms less than 10 cm DBH, and therefore underestimate AGB by ca 10 percent. Soil type had little influence on the forest structure within sites, except at Cocha Cashu where total AGB was much higher and liana density much lower on the more fertile old floodplain Entisols than the serra firme Oxisols. Although total stem density, basal area, and some biomass components differed significantly among forests, they seemed less variable than other quantitative measures (e.g., species richness). RESUMEN: Contrastamos la estructura y la biomasa de cuatro bosques de bajura Neotropicales (La Selva, Costa Rica; Isla Barro Colorado, Panamá; Cocha Cashu, Perú; y KM41, Brasil) para determinar si existen patrones comunes entre bosques que difieren en la latitud, en la lluvia total, en la estacionalidad, y en la fertilidad de suelo. Examinamos el efecto de la fertilidad de suelo en cada sitio específicamente midiendo el área basal y densidad de árboles, lianas, y palmas en dos tipos de suelo que difieren en fertilidad. Usamos ecuaciones alométricas para estimar la contributión relativa de las varias formas de vida a la biomasa aérea (AGB) y comparamos dos ecuaciones para estimar biomasa con base en árboles ≥ 30 cm diámetro. La densidad y AGB estimada de lianas fueron similares entre sitios, pero la densidad y AGB de árboles y palmas estimada en base solamente a diámetros fueron significativamente distintas. El área basal y la AGB de árboles ≥ 10 cm diámetro a la altura de pecho (DAP) difirieron entre bosques y promediaron 30.2 m 2/ ha y 250 Mg/ha. En Cocha Cashu y KM41 observamos mayor área basal y AGB para árboles que en La Selva o la Isla Barro Colorado. En general lianas y árboles pequeños (1–10 cm DAP) contribuyeron entre 4–5 porciento del AGB total cada uno y palmas pequeñas contribuyeron alrededor de 1 porciento. Muchos inventarios del bosque ignoran tanto las lianas como los árboles y palmas <10 cm DAP y por lo tanto subestiman AGB en alrededor de un 10 porciento. El tipo del suelo mostró una influencia pequena en la estructura del bosque dentro de sitios, menos en Cocha Cashu donde AGB total fue mucho más alto y densidad de lianas y palmas fue más bajo en los Entisols de mayor fertilidad que los Ultisols de menor fertilidad. Aunque la densidad de tallos, área basal, y algunos componentes de la biomasa difirieron significativamente entre bosques, estos parecieron menos variables que otras medidas cuanti‐tativas (por ejemplo, riqueza de especies).
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Metadata
- Authors
- DeWalt, S. J., & Chave, J.
- Venue
- Biotropica
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2004-03
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 7-19
- ISSN
- 0006-3606 (ISSN-L)
- 1744-7429
- OpenAlex
- W2175547085
- Cited by
- 204
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 8.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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