Relationship between “purulent bronchitis” in military populations in Europe prior to 1918 and the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic.
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Please cite this paper as: Shanks et al. Relationship between “purulent bronchitis” in military populations in Europe prior to 1918 and the 1918–1919 influenza pandemic. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 6(4), 235–239. Purulent bronchitis was a distinctive and apparently new lethal respiratory infection in British and American soldiers during the First World War. Mortality records suggest that purulent bronchitis caused localized outbreaks in the midst of a broad epidemic wave of lethal respiratory illness in 1916–1917. Probable purulent bronchitis deaths in the Australian Army showed an epidemic wave that moved from France to England. Purulent bronchitis may have been the clinical expression of infection with a novel influenza virus which also could have been a direct precursor of the 1918 pandemic strain.
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Out of 20 tested sputum specimens from a British army camp in north France, 90% presented with H. influenzae, 65% with S. pneumoniae, 25% with other Streptococcus spp., and 15% with Staphylococcus spp.
“Out of 20 tested sputum specimens from a British army camp based in north France, 90% presented with H. influenzae, 65% presented with S. pneumoniae, 25% with other Streptococcus spp. and 15% with Staphylococcus spp.”
From Secondary bacterial infections associated with influenza pandemics (2017) · cites this paper as Dennis Shanks et al., 2012
Among specimens positive for H. influenzae, many exhibited simultaneous H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae co-infection, with H. influenzae identified as the primary bacterial infector.
“Out of the specimens positive for H. influenzae, many exhibited simultaneous H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae co-infection; with H. influenzae identified as the primary bacterial infector.”
From Secondary bacterial infections associated with influenza pandemics (2017) · cites this paper as Dennis Shanks et al., 2012
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Cites
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Secondary bacterial infections associated with influenza pandemics
Morris, D. E., Cleary, D. W., & Clarke, S. C. (2017) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01041 · Cited by 576 · see citing works
- Authors
- Dennis Shanks, G., MacKenzie, A., Waller, M., & Brundage, J. F.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Brundage, John F.
- ORCID
- Waller, Michael
- Venue
- Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-11-27
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 235-239
- ISSN
- 1750-2640 (ISSN-L)
- 1750-2659
- PMC
- PMC5779808
- OpenAlex
- W1536630890
- Cited by
- 9
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 0.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of New South Wales
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Respiratory viral infections research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Keywords
- purulent bronchitis, 1918 influenza pandemic, World War I, military population, military personnel, novel influenza virus, death records, Australian Army, British Army, American soldiers
- MeSH terms
- Bronchitis, Europe, Humans, Influenza, Human, Military Personnel, Survival Analysis, Pandemics
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