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Characteristics of patients with Autistic Disorder (AD) presenting for dental treatment: a survey and chart review
Abstract
A group of 43 patients with AD (mean age, 13.5; SD, 5.9 yrs) was identified from the University Hospital School Pediatric Dentistry Clinic. We reviewed the patients' charts to obtain demographic data, dental findings, and the management techniques used for treatment. The patients were divided into groups according to Frankl's categories of behavior, ranging from definitely negative to positive. Descriptive data are provided for each group. Commonly used communications and pharmacological management techniques, as well as physical restraints, enabled us to treat all the patients in the traditional dental setting, when simple procedures were planned. Treatment under general anesthesia in the operating room was necessary in 37% of all patients when comprehensive care was required or difficult procedures were carried out. A questionnaire was also sent out to the caregivers to gather data on patients' nutrition and eating/chewing habits. In the sample surveyed, two-thirds of the individuals reportedly exhibited a normal eating pattern, while 14% pouched food. Soft, sweet, or sticky foods were preferred by 41% of the patients.
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“They identified factors that increased the ability of children with autism to participate in dental care, such as ensuring parent presence, partial immobilisation, procedural preparation, giving breaks and providing premedication with sedative drugs (Klein & Nowak, 1999).”
From A meta‐synthesis of how parents of children with autism describe their experience of accessing and using routine healthcare services for their children (2021) · cites this paper as Klein & Nowak, 1999
In the citing paper
“studies have indicated that food selectivity is being determined by the following factors: texture (69%), appearance (58%), taste (45%), smell (36%), and temperature (22%), as well as reluctance to try new foods (69%) and a small repertoire of accepted foods (60%) (Figure 1) [52,53,54,55].”
From Autism, Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Modulation of Gut Microbiota by Nutritional Interventions (2019) · cites this paper as [54]
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“Different dental treatment options can range from argumentative communication, visual pedagogy, premedication, to general anaesthesia [8].”
BackgroundHoldeman, N. L. (2010) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) · Cited by 1
Amaral, L. D., de Carvalho, T. F., & Bezerra, A. C. B. (2015) · Revista latinoamericana de bioética · doi:10.18359/rlbi.1465 · Cited by 1
Behavior Management of Children with Autism
Al-Rawi, B. A. O. (2019) · AL-Kindy College Medical Journal · doi:10.47723/kcmj.v13i1.119 · Cited by 1
Neurodevelopmental and Psychiatric Disorders
Perry, M. M., & Dougherty, N. J. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119121039.ch15
Pediatric Dentists’ Behaviour Management of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Zaretsky, E. (2011) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Metadata
- Authors
- Klein, U., & Nowak, A. J.
- Affiliations
- Nebraska Medical Center (US)
- University of Iowa (US)
- Venue
- Special Care in Dentistry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1999-09
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 200-207
- ISSN
- 0275-1879 (ISSN-L)
- 1754-4505
- OpenAlex
- W2095441120
- Cited by
- 124
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Special Care in Dentistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Oral Surgery › Dental Anxiety and Anesthesia Techniques
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › General Dentistry › Dental Health and Care Utilization
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, autistic disorder, pediatric dentistry, patient behavior, communication techniques, pharmacological management, physical restraint, general anesthesia, dietary habits, food preferences
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Anesthesia, Dental, Anticonvulsants, Antidepressive Agents, Autistic Disorder, Behavior Therapy, Child, Child, Preschool, Dental Care for Persons with Disabilities, Dental Care for Disabled, Dental Caries, Female, Gingivitis, Humans, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Retrospective Studies, Chi-Square Distribution, Patient Satisfaction
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