A Novel, Nonbinary Evaluation of Success and Failure Reveals Bupropion Efficacy Versus Methamphetamine Dependence: Reanalysis of a Multisite Trial
Open accessAbstract
SUMMARY: A multisite, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial of bupropion for methamphetamine dependence was reanalyzed using a novel, nonbinary method of evaluating success and failure. The original analysis focused on a group response endpoint (the change in percentage of participants with methamphetamine‐free urines each week over the course of the trial) and no significant bupropion effect was observed in the total population of study participants. In this reanalysis, individual participants were regarded as treatment success if they achieved multiple weeks of abstinence lasting through the end of the study, and their degree of success was quantified by calculating the number of beyond‐threshold weeks of success (NOBWOS). Thus, setting the threshold at 1 week of end‐of‐study abstinence (EOSA), treatment successes were assigned NOBWOS values ranging from 1 to 11, with 1 corresponding to 2 weeks EOSA and 11 corresponding to abstinence throughput the entire 12‐week trial. Treatment failures were assigned a value of 0. Comparison of NOBWOS values revealed a significant effect of bupropion to facilitate abstinence (P= 0.0176). In the bupropion group, 20% of participants achieved 2 or more weeks EOSA, 14% achieved 6 or more weeks EOSA, and 6% were abstinent throughout the trial; this compares with 7%, 4%, and 1% in the placebo group, respectively. On the basis of the NOBWOS analysis, bupropion seems to effectively facilitate the achievement of abstinence in methamphetamine‐dependent individuals.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Limited information was identified on the appropriate medical workup for a patient who becomes intoxicated from a ruptured package of body-concealed stimulants.
“limited information was identified on the appropriate medical workup for a patient who becomes intoxicated from a ruptured package of bodyconcealed stimulants.[251][252][253][254][255]”
From The ASAM/AAAP Clinical Practice Guideline on the Management of Stimulant Use Disorder (2024) · cites this paper as [253]
The Introduction discusses methamphetamine dependence and the absence of FDA guidelines for developing treatments, not the medical workup of acute intoxication. Searches for ruptured body-concealed stimulant packages and emergency evaluation found no passage addressing the claim. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Bupropion for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence
Elkashef, A. M., Rawson, R. A., Anderson, A. L., Li, S.-H., Holmes, T., Smith, E. V., Chiang, N., Kahn, R., Vocci, F., Ling, W., et al. (2008) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301481 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 12
- Gonzales R, Mooney L, Rawson RA. The methamphetamine problem in the United States. Annu Rev Public Health 2010;31:385-398.
- Montoya ID, McCann DJ. Drugs of abuse: Management of intoxication and antidotes. In: Luch A, editor. Molecular, clinical and environmental toxicology: Clinical toxicology, Vol. 2. Basel: Birkh äuser Verlag AG, 2009;519-541.
- Shoptaw S, Reback CJ. Methamphetamine use and infectious disease-related behaviors in men who have sex with men: Implications for interventions. Addiction 2007; 102:130-135.
- Schindler CW, Gilman JP, Panlilio LV, McCann DJ, Goldberg SR. Comparison of the effects of methamphetamine, bupropion, and methylphenidate on the self-administration of methamphetamine by rhesus monkeys. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 2011;19:1-10.
- Newton TF, Roache JD, De La Garza R 2nd, et al. Bupropion reduces methamphetamine-induced subjective effects and cue-induced craving. Neuropsychopharmacology 2006;31:1537-1544.
- Newton TF, Roache JD, De La Garza R 2nd, et al. Safety of intravenous methamphetamine administration during treatment with bupropion. Psychopharmacology 2005; 182:426-435.
- Permutt T, Berger VW. A new look at rank tests in ordered 2xk contingency tables. Commun Stat A-Theor 2000; 29:989-1033.
- Deyi BA, Kosinski AS, Snapinn SM. Power considerations when a continuous outcome variable is dichotomized. J Biopharm Stat 1998;8:337-352.
- Altman DG, Royston P. The cost of dichotomising continuous variables. BMJ 2006;332:1080.
- Snapinn SM, Jiang Q. Responder analyses and the assessment of a clinically relevant treatment effect. Trials 2007;8:31-1-31-6.
- Eisenberg MJ, Filion KB, Yavin D, et al. Pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. CMAJ 2008;179: 135-144.
- Das M, Santos D, Matheson T, et al. Feasibility and acceptability of a phase II randomized pharmacologic intervention for methamphetamine dependence in high-risk men who have sex with men. AIDS 2010; 24:991-1000.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Coffin, P. O., Santos, G.-M., Hern, J., Vittinghoff, E., Walker, J. E., Matheson, T., Santos, D., Colfax, G., & Batki, S. L. (2020) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.3655 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
The ASAM/AAAP Clinical Practice Guideline on the Management of Stimulant Use Disorder
(2024) · Journal of Addiction Medicine · doi:10.1097/adm.0000000000001299 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Anderson, A. L., Li, S.-H., Markova, D., Holmes, T. H., Chiang, N., Kahn, R., Campbell, J., Dickerson, D. L., Galloway, G. P., Haning, W., et al. (2015) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.01.036 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Heinzerling, K. G., Swanson, A., Hall, T. M., Yi, Y., Wu, Y., & Shoptaw, S. J. (2014) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.12636 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Härtel-Petri, R., Krampe-Scheidler, A., Braunwarth, W.-D., Havemann-Reinecke, U., Jeschke, P., Looser, W., Mühlig, S., Schäfer, I., Scherbaum, N., Bothe, L., et al. (2017) · Pharmacopsychiatry · doi:10.1055/s-0043-105500 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Mooney, L. J., Hillhouse, M. P., Thomas, C., Ang, A., Sharma, G., Terry, G., Chang, L., Walker, R., Trivedi, M., Croteau, D., et al. (2016) · Journal of Addiction Medicine · doi:10.1097/adm.0000000000000218 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Hersi, M., Corace, K., Hamel, C., Esmaeilisaraji, L., Rice, D., Dryburgh, N., Skidmore, B., Garber, G., Porath, A., Willows, M., et al. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0292745 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“Citicoline; Placebo [51] • Paliperidone [83] and Citicoline [51] was mostly favored to placebo, and Bupropion [22, 50, 90] had unclear reporting of results.”
BackgroundInfluential
- Authors
- McCann, D. J., & Li, S.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- McCann, David J.
- Venue
- CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-10-18
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 414-418
- ISSN
- 1755-5930 (ISSN-L)
- 1755-5949
- PMC
- PMC6493362
- OpenAlex
- W1580606228
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
- National Institute on Drug Abuse
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- bupropion, methamphetamine dependence, abstinence, drug addiction treatment
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Double-Blind Method, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Methamphetamine, Middle Aged, Bupropion, Treatment Outcome, Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors, Substance-Related Disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
