Rodent model of metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease: a systematic review
Open accessAbstract
Although significant progress has been made in developing preclinical models for metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), few have encapsulated the essential biological and clinical outcome elements reflective of the human condition. We conducted a comprehensive literature review of English‐language original research articles published from 1990 to 2023, sourced from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, aiming to collate studies that provided a comparative analysis of physiological, metabolic, and hepatic histological characteristics between MASLD models and control groups. The establishment of a robust metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver rodent model hinges on various factors, including animal species and strains, sex, induction agents and methodologies, and the duration of induction. Through this review, we aim to guide researchers in selecting suitable induction methods and animal species for constructing preclinical models aligned with their specific research objectives and laboratory conditions. Future studies should strive to develop simple, reliable, and reproducible models, considering the model's sensitivity to factors such as light–dark cycles, housing conditions, and environmental temperature. Additionally, the potential of diverse in vitro models, including 3D models and liver organ technology, warrants further exploration as valuable tools for unraveling the cellular mechanisms underlying fatty liver disease.
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Induction of MASLD in vitro using FFAs leads to pronounced and quantitatively measurable lipid accumulation in cell lines within 24-72 h, contrasting with animal models where HFD induces steatosis in 8-16 weeks, steatohepatitis in 16-36 weeks, and fibrosis/cirrhosis in 24-52 weeks or more.
“Induction of MASLD in vitro using free fatty acids leads to a pronounced and quantitatively measurable accumulation of lipids in cell lines within 24–72 h [29].”
From The HepG2 Cell Line as a Model for Studying Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (2026) · cites this paper as [58]
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Mechanism-Oriented Model Selection in MASH Research: Insights from the iHFC Diet and TSOD/TSNO Mice
Ichimura‐Shimizu, M., Shao, W., Ogawa, H., Tachibana, S., & Tsuneyama, K. (2026) · Livers · doi:10.3390/livers6050089
Alshehri, S. A., Osman, M. A., Alnafisah, G., Asiri, S., Arzoo, S., & Al‐Harbi, L. N. (2026) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms27219453
- Authors
- Cui, X., Li, H., Li, L., Xie, C., Gao, J., Chen, Y., Zhang, H., Hao, W., Fu, J., & Guo, H.
- Affiliations
- Xiyuan Hospital (CN)
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CN)
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing China
- Corresponding author
- Guo, Hao
- Venue
- Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2024-09-25
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 48-66
- ISSN
- 0815-9319 (ISSN-L)
- 1440-1746
- PMC
- PMC11771679
- OpenAlex
- W4402841284
- Cited by
- 27
- References
- 146
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 10
- FWCI
- 1.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver physiology and pathology
- Keywords
- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, rodent models, preclinical animal models, sex differences, liver histopathology, metabolic phenotypes, 3D liver model, liver organoids
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Fatty Liver, Female, Humans, Liver, Male, Metabolic Diseases, Mice, Rats, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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