How Hot Is He? A psychophysiological and psychosocial examination of the arousal patterns of sexually functional and dysfunctional men
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Despite much theorizing about the interchangeability of desire and arousal, research has yet to identify whether men with desire vs. arousal disorders can be differentiated based on their psychophysiological patterns of arousal. Additionally, little research has examined the relationship between subjective (SA) and genital arousal (GA) in sexually dysfunctional men. AIMS: To compare patterns of SA and GA in a community sample of men meeting DSM-IV-TR criteria for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD), erectile dysfunction (ED), both HSDD and ED (ED/HSDD), and healthy controls. METHODS: Seventy-one men (19 controls, 13 HSDD, 19 ED, 20 ED/HSDD) completed self-report measures and watched two 15-minute film clips (neutral and erotic), while GA and SA were measured both continuously and discretely. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Groups were compared on genital temperature (as an indicator of GA), SA, and psychosocial variables (i.e., body image, emotion regulation, sexual attitudes, sexual inhibition/excitation, mood, and trauma). RESULTS: Genital temperature increased for all groups during the erotic condition, yet men with ED and ED/HSDD showed less GA than men without erectile difficulties. All groups increased in SA during the erotic condition, yet ED/HSDD men reported less SA than controls or ED men. SA and GA were highly correlated for controls, and less strongly correlated for clinical groups; men with ED showed low agreement between SA and GA. Groups also differed on body image, sexual inhibition/excitation, sexual attitudes and alexithymia. CONCLUSION: Low desire vs. arousal sufferers have unique patterns of response, with those with both difficulties showing greatest impairment. Results have important implications for the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders.
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Men who experience erectile difficulties enter a sexual situation with high negative affect and low positive affect, along with negative expectations about their sexual performance.
“Men who experience erectile difficulties enter a sexual situation with high negative affect and low positive affect, along with negative expectations about their sexual performance.”
From A Psychosocial Approach to Erectile Dysfunction: Position Statements from the European Society of Sexual Medicine (ESSM) (2021) · cites this paper as [18]
Men with erectile difficulties react with spectatoring, self-monitoring, performance demands, and failure anxiety, which are frequently associated with an increase in sympathetic nervous system activity, leading to genital arousal inhibition.
“They react with spectatoring, self-monitoring, performance demands, and failure anxiety, which are frequently associated with an increase in sympathetic nervous system activity, leading to genital arousal inhibition.15,18,19”
From A Psychosocial Approach to Erectile Dysfunction: Position Statements from the European Society of Sexual Medicine (ESSM) (2021) · cites this paper as [18]
Men with ED show lower agreement between their subjective and genital arousal, implying that subjective arousal can be experienced without being physically aroused.
“Furthermore, men with ED have been found to show lower agreement between their subjective and genital arousal, which implies that, particularly in men with ED, subjective arousal can be experienced without being physically aroused.18”
From A Psychosocial Approach to Erectile Dysfunction: Position Statements from the European Society of Sexual Medicine (ESSM) (2021) · cites this paper as [18]
This mindset induces an attentional shift towards cues that signal failure and a strong evaluative focus on their own bodily signals, which distracts them from erotic cues.
“This mindset induces an attentional shift towards cues that signal failure and a strong evaluative focus on their own bodily signals, which distracts them from erotic cues.”
From A Psychosocial Approach to Erectile Dysfunction: Position Statements from the European Society of Sexual Medicine (ESSM) (2021) · cites this paper as [18]
Men with ED show lower genital arousal (as indexed by lower average genital temperature and temperature change) in response to sexual stimuli, compared to men without ED.
“There is evidence that men with ED show lower genital arousal (as indexed by lower average genital temperature and temperature change) in response to sexual stimuli, compared to men without ED.18”
From A Psychosocial Approach to Erectile Dysfunction: Position Statements from the European Society of Sexual Medicine (ESSM) (2021) · cites this paper as [18]
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Influential
- Authors
- Sarin, S., Amsel, R., & Binik, Y. M.
- Affiliations
- McGill University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Sarin, Sabina
- ORCID
- Amsel, Rhonda
- Venue
- The Journal of Sexual Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2014-07
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1725-1740
- ISSN
- 1743-6095 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1859948173
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 3.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Sexual Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Sexual function and dysfunction studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Urological Disorders and Treatments
- Keywords
- hypoactive sexual desire disorder, erectile dysfunction, subjective arousal, genital arousal, body image, sexual attitudes, alexithymia, male sexual dysfunction
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Affect, Analysis of Variance, Arousal, Body Temperature, Erotica, Hot Temperature, Humans, Erectile Dysfunction, Inhibition, Psychological, Libido, Male, Penile Erection, Sexual Behavior, Case-Control Studies, Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological, Self Report
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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