Cited by 209Obstructive Sleep Apnea ResearchSleep and related disordersSleep and Work-Related Fatigue

Residual sleepiness in sleep apnea patients treated by continuous positive airway pressure

Gasa, Merce, Tamisier, Renaud, Launois, Sandrine H., Sapene, Marc, Martin, Francis, Stach, Bruno, Grillet, Yves, Levy, Patrick +1 more·2013·Journal of Sleep Research

Abstract

Hypoxic brain damage might explain persistent sleepiness in some continuous positive airway pressure-compliant obstructive sleep apnea called residual excessive sleepiness. Although continuous positive airway pressure may not be fully efficient in treating this symptom, wake-promoting drug prescription in residual excessive sleepiness is no longer allowed by the European Medicines Agency. The aim of this study is to describe residual excessive sleepiness phenotypes in a large prospective sample of patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Residual excessive sleepiness was defined by an Epworth Sleepiness Scale score ≥ 11. Eligible patients from the French National Sleep Registry attending follow-up continuous positive airway pressure visits numbered 1047. Patients using continuous positive airway pressure < 3 h (n = 275), with residual apnea-hypopnea index > 15 h⁻¹ (n = 31) or with major depression were excluded (n = 150). Residual excessive sleepiness prevalence in continuous positive airway pressure-treated obstructive sleep apnea was 13% (18% for those with an initial Epworth Sleepiness Scale score > 11), and significantly decreased with continuous positive airway pressure use (9% in ≥ 6 h night⁻¹ continuous positive airway pressure users, P < 0.005). At the time of diagnosis, patients with residual excessive sleepiness had worse subjective appreciation of their disease (general health scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale and fatigue score), and complained more frequently of continuous positive airway pressure side-effects. Residual excessive sleepiness prevalence was lower in severe obstructive sleep apnea than in moderate obstructive sleep apnea (11% when AHI > 30 h⁻¹ versus 18% when AHI 15-30, P < 0.005). There was no relationship between residual excessive sleepiness and body mass index, cardiovascular co-morbidities or diabetes. Continuous positive airway pressure improved symptoms in the whole population, but to a lower extent in patients with residual excessive sleepiness (fatigue scale: -5.2 versus -2.7 in residual excessive sleepiness- and residual excessive sleepiness+ patients, respectively, P < 0.001). Residual excessive sleepiness prevalence decreased with continuous positive airway pressure compliance. Hypoxic insult is unlikely to explain residual excessive sleepiness as obstructive sleep apnea severity does not seem to be critical. Residual symptoms are not limited to sleepiness, suggesting a true 'continuous positive airway pressure-resistant syndrome', which may justify treatment by wake-promoting drugs.

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Crossref · 10.1111/jsr.12039

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Authors
Gasa, M., Tamisier, R., Launois, S. H., Sapene, M., Martin, F., Stach, B., Grillet, Y., Levy, P., & Pepin, J.
Affiliations
  • INSERM U 1042, Joseph Fourier University HP2 Laboratory (Hypoxia: Pathophysiology) La Tronche France
  • Inserm (FR)
  • Unité Sommeil et Vigilance Polyclinique Bordeaux Cauderan Bordeaux France
  • Centre Hospitalier Compiègne-Noyon (FR)
  • Centre Hospitalier de Valenciennes (FR)
  • Pneumologie Cabinet privé Valence France
Corresponding author
Tamisier, Renaud
Venue
Journal of Sleep Research
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2013-02-15
Volume
22
Issue
4
Pages
389-397
ISSN
  • 0962-1105 (ISSN-L)
  • 1365-2869
OpenAlex
W2011435303
Cited by
209
References
19
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 3
FWCI
4.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Sleep Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Keywords
obstructive sleep apnea, continuous positive airway pressure, CPAP adherence, hypoxic brain injury, wake-promoting drugs, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, apnea-hypopnea index, fatigue, CPAP side effects, prevalence, disease severity, patient-reported outcomes, REM sleep behavior disorder
MeSH terms
Fatigue, Female, France, Humans, Disorders of Excessive Somnolence, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Compliance, Prospective Studies, Registries, Sleep Stages, Syndrome, Comorbidity, Body Mass Index, Prevalence, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure

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