The DOI matches its Crossref record; 52 of the 52 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Contribution of unmeasured anions to acid-base disorders and its association with altered demeanor in 264 calves with neonatal diarrhea
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The quantitative effect of strong electrolytes, unmeasured anions (UAs), pCO2 , and plasma protein concentrations in determining plasma pH and bicarbonate (HCO3 (-) ) can be demonstrated using the physicochemical approach. Demeanor of calves with diarrhea is associated with acidemia, dehydration, and hyper-d-lactatemia. HYPOTHESIS: Unmeasured anions are a major factor influencing changes in plasma pH and HCO3 (-) of calves with diarrhea and UAs and strong UAs, estimated by anion gap (AG) and strong ion gap (SIG), respectively, are more strongly associated with alteration of demeanor compared to other acid-base variables. ANIMALS: A total of 264 calves with diarrhea from two data sets (DS1 and DS2). METHODS: Retrospective study. Forward stepwise regression was performed to determine the relationship between measured pH or HCO3 (-) , and physicochemical variables. A two-way ANOVA was performed to investigate the association between acid-base variables and attitude (bright, obtunded, and stuporous), posture (standing, sternal or lateral recumbency), and strength of suckling reflex (strong, weak, or absent). RESULTS: Increased strong UAs estimated by SIG was the most important contributor to changes in measured pH and HCO3 (-) (DS1: r(2) 66 and 59%, DS2: 39 and 42%, P < .0001). SIG and AG were correlated to deteriorating calf demeanor for all three clinical scoring categories: attitude, posture, and suckle reflex (P < .0001). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Elevated concentrations of strong UAs were the primary cause of acidemia and had an important influence on the demeanor of calves with diarrhea. These findings emphasize the importance of the calculation of UAs when evaluating acid-base abnormalities in calves.
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“Furthermore, disturbances to acid-base balance could explain poor attitude and depression on arrival to calf-raising facilities (Gomez et al., 2013).”
From A randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect of providing a rest period during long-distance transportation of surplus dairy calves: Part II. Effect on hematological variables (2024) · cites this paper as Gomez et al., 2013
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“The greater changes in blood pH in calves transported for longer durations may explain their poor attitude or depression upon arrival at veal facilities”
From A randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of transport duration and age at transport on surplus dairy calves: Part II. Impact on hematological variables. (2023) · cites this paper as Gomez et al., 2013
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Cited by
Goetz, H. M., Creutzinger, K. C., Kelton, D. F., Costa, J. H. C., Winder, C. B., Gomez, D. E., & Renaud, D. L. (2023) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2022-22367 · Cited by 20
Self-citationGoetz, H. M., & Renaud, D. L. (2024) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2024-25012 · Cited by 2
Metadata
- Authors
- Gomez, D. E., Lofstedt, J., Stämpfli, H. R., Wichtel, M., Muirhead, T., & McClure, J. T.
- Affiliations
- Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island Department of Health Management, , Charlottetown, PE,
- Ontario Veterinary College (CA)
- University of Prince Edward Island (CA)
- ORCID
- Wichtel, M.
- Venue
- Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2013-11-01
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1604-1612
- ISSN
- 0891-6640 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1676
- PMC
- PMC7166389
- OpenAlex
- W2093412124
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2015: 7
- FWCI
- 1.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Atlantic Veterinary College
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Renal function and acid-base balance
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal health and immunology
- Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Veterinary Medicine and Surgery
- Keywords
- unmeasured anions, acid-base disorders, neonatal calf diarrhea, strong ion gap, anion gap, acidemia, plasma bicarbonate, plasma pH, dehydration, hyperlactatemia
- MeSH terms
- Acid-Base Imbalance, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Bicarbonates, Cattle, Cattle Diseases, Diarrhea, Female, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Male, Regression Analysis, Retrospective Studies
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- Gomez, D. E., Lofstedt, J., Stämpfli, H. R., Wichtel, M., Muirhead, T., & McClure, J. T. (2013). Contribution of unmeasured anions to acid-base disorders and its association with altered demeanor in 264 calves with neonatal diarrhea. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.12193
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