Fear of blood draws, vasovagal reactions, and retention among high school donors
Abstract
Background We previously demonstrated that fear of having blood drawn is one of the strongest known predictors of vasovagal reactions among high school blood donors. This report examines the combined effects of donor fear and experience of vasovagal reactions on repeat donation attempts among high school blood donors. Study design and methods Immediately after completing the blood donor health screening, 1715 high school students were asked about their fear of having blood drawn. The donor record was then used to collect information regarding their experience of vasovagal reactions at the time of donation as well as their subsequent donation attempts within the following year. Results Fear of having blood drawn and the experience of a vasovagal reaction each contributed to donor attrition, with only 33.2% of fearful donors who experienced a vasovagal reaction returning in the following year compared to 56.7% of nonfearful nonreactors. Path analyses demonstrated that fear has an indirect effect (through vasovagal reactions) on repeat donations among first-time donors and both direct and indirect effects on repeat donation attempts among experienced donors. Conclusion Among high school blood donors, fear of having blood drawn has both a direct negative effect on donor retention and an indirect negative effect by increasing the risk of vasovagal reactions. Accordingly, targeted efforts to reduce donor fear may be particularly efficient in promoting long-term donor loyalty among…
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Asking a patient if he/she is afraid of blood collection may help identify individuals at increased risk of experiencing vasovagal reaction (syncope).
“The evidence shows that this simple question may help identify individuals who are at increased risk of experiencing vasovagal reaction (syncope) [15].”
From Joint EFLM-COLABIOCLI Recommendation for venous blood sampling (2018) · cites this paper as [15]
Cites
Reporting Structural Equation Modeling and Confirmatory Factor Analysis Results: A Review
Schreiber, J. B., Nora, A., Stage, F. K., Barlow, E. A., & King, J. (2006) · The Journal of Educational Research · doi:10.3200/joer.99.6.323-338 · Cited by 6,937 · see citing works
The psychophysiology of blood-injection-injury phobia: Looking beyond the diphasic response paradigm
Ritz, T., Meuret, A. E., & Ayala, E. S. (2010) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.05.007 · Cited by 74 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Although this is an appealing description of the blood donation context, given that risk for vasovagal reactions peak shortly after donors leave the donation chair,(28) empirical support for a diphasic response pattern is surprisingly inconsistent.(29) An intriguing new psychophysiologic model suggests that vasovagal…”
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Waller, D., Mondy, P., Brama, T., Fisher, J., King, A., Malkov, K., Wall‐Smith, D., Ryan, L., & Irving, D. O. (2016) · Vox Sanguinis · doi:10.1111/vox.12407 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Kowalsky, J. M., Conatser, R., Ritz, T., & France, C. R. (2018) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-018-9925-8 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
- Authors
- France, C. R., France, J. L., Carlson, B. W., Himawan, L. K., Stephens, K. Y., Frame‐Brown, T. A., Venable, G. A., & Menitove, J. E.
- Affiliations
- Ohio University (US)
- Community Blood Center of Greater Kansas City Kansas City Missouri
- Corresponding author
- France, Christopher R.
- Venue
- Transfusion
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-08-05
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 3pt2
- Pages
- 918-924
- ISSN
- 0041-1132 (ISSN-L)
- 1537-2995
- OpenAlex
- W1776501844
- Cited by
- 53
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 9.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Transfusion (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management of Technology and Innovation › Blood donation and transfusion practices
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Nonprofit Sector and Volunteering
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ethics in Clinical Research
- Keywords
- vasovagal reaction, blood donor retention, repeat blood donation, donor attrition, donor loyalty
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Blood Donors, Fear, Female, Humans, Male, Schools, Syncope, Vasovagal
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