The effects of stimulation of the left atrial receptors on sympathetic efferent nerve activity
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1. Activation of left atrial receptors by distension of balloons at the pulmonary vein-atrial junctions caused an increase in the cardiac sympathetic nerve activity, a decrease in the renal sympathetic nerve activity, and no change in the lumbar and splenic sympathetic nerve activity.2. The cardiac and renal nerve responses to balloon distension were abolished by vagal blockade in the neck.3. The results provide additional evidence that the reflex increase in the heart rate following stimulation of the left atrial receptors is mediated by selective activation of cardiac sympathetic nerve fibres.4. The inhibitory effect of atrial receptor activation on the renal sympathetic nerve activity suggests that a neural factor, possibly involving renal haemodynamics, may be a component of the diuretic response to the activation of the left atrial receptors.5. The results provide further evidence for the selective nature of the pattern of reflex responses to left atrial receptor activation and show for the first time a directionally fractionated response from sympathetic efferent neurones.
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Stimulation of mechanoreceptors in the walls of the atria and vein-atrial junctions does not affect the discharge in peripheral sympathetic nerves.
“stimulation of mechanoreceptors in the walls of the atria and vein-atrial junctions has been shown not to affect the discharge in peripheral sympathetic nerves (40).”
From Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy: relation to peripheral sympathetic drive (2001) · cites this paper as [40]
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Effect of Left Ventricular Assistance on Sympathetic Tone
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“The mechanism of this result was very difficult to be clearly understood, because previous investigators showed that systolic aortic pressure and pulse pressure increase, resulting in loading of arterial baroreceptors, but that left atrial pressure falls, resulting in unloading of cardiopulmonary baroreflexes, and tha…”
ResultLEDSOME, J. R., & Kan, W. O. (1977) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.40.1.64 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
The activity of single vasoconstrictor nerve units in hypertension
Mary, D. A. S. G., & Stoker, J. B. (2003) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1046/j.1365-201x.2003.01082.x · Cited by 32 · see citing works
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Li, Y.-F., Mayhan, W. G., & Patel, K. P. (2003) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00727.2002 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“In contrast, when the circulating volume is increased, such as in experimentally induced volume expansion (VE), the reflex will develop in the opposite direction, inducing a decrease in renal sympathetic nerve activity and AVP secretion, resulting in an increase in sodium and water excretion (3, 14).”
Alpha-receptor restriction of coronary blood flow during atrial fibrillation
Wichmann, J., Ertl, G., Höhne, W., Schweisfurth, H., Wernze, H., & KOCHSIEK, K. (1983) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/0002-9149(83)90435-6 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Failure of left atrial distension to alter renal function in the nonhuman primate.
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“The decrease in PRA in LSI-dogs seems to demonstrate quite the opposite, an assumption, supported by the finding of a depressed renal nerve activity during stretching of the atrial-pulmonary-vein junctions [9].”
BackgroundRamchandra, R., Hood, S. G., Watson, A. M. D., & May, C. N. (2008) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00824.2007 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“Furthermore, in anesthetized dogs, activation of left atrial receptors by balloon distension increased CSNA, decreased renal SNA, and had no effect on splenic or lumbar SNA (19), although in another study, distension of the left atrium resulted in an initial period of inhibition followed by an excitation of CSNA (24).”
BackgroundPhysiology of fluid and electrolyte responses during inactivity: water immersion and bed rest.
GREENLEAF, J. E. (1984) · PubMed · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Gross, R., Ruffmann, K., & Kirchheim, H. R. (1979) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00622908 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Responsiveness of type B atrial receptors in the monkey
Zucker, I. H., & Gilmore, J. P. (1975) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(75)90217-6 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Conradt, M., Kullmann, R., Matsuzaki, T., & Simón, E. (1975) · Basic Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/bf01905550 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Paraventricular nucleus influence on renal sympathetic activity in vasopressin gene‐deleted rats
Yang, Z., & Coote, J. H. (2006) · Experimental Physiology · doi:10.1113/expphysiol.2006.034884 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Cardiac and autonomic system reactions to stretch of the atria
Koizumi, K., Ishikawa, T., Nishino, H., & Brooks, C. M. (1975) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(75)90422-9 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Julius, S., & Esler, M. (1976) · Clinical Science · doi:10.1042/cs051207s · Cited by 25 · see citing works
4 Control of blood and extracellular volume
Cowley, A. W., & Roman, R. J. (1989) · Baillière s Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0950-351x(89)80007-2 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Cardiac sympathoexcitation in heart failure
May, C. N., Yao, S. T., Booth, L. C., & Ramchandra, R. (2013) · Autonomic Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2012.10.017 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“Supporting the presence of such a reflex, in anaesthetised normal dogs left atrial stretch, a surrogate for volume expansion, increased CSNA, while RSNA was inhibited, and lumbar and splenic SNA were unchanged (Karim et al., 1972).”
BackgroundSmith, F., Klinkefus, J. M., & Robillard, J. (1992) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1992.262.4.r651 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
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Neural Control of Extracellular Volume in the Human and Nonhuman Primate
Gilmore, J. P. (1983) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.cp020324 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
No relation between atrial natriuresis and renal blood flow in conscious dogs
Kaczmarczyk, G., Eigenheer, F., Gatzka, M., Kuhl, U., & Reinhardt, H. W. (1978) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00581149 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“This suggestion is supported by an Observed decrease in renal nerve sympathetic activity upon stimulation of left atrial receptors following distension of the pulmonary vein-left atrial junctions [14].”
BackgroundMethodCardiovascular sensory receptors and their regulatory mechanisms.
Fahim, M. (2003) · PubMed · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Atrial receptors, vasopressin and blood volume in the dog
LEDSOME, J. R. (1985) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(85)90036-0 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Interoceptive signals from the heart and coronary circulation in health and disease
Moore, J. P. (2024) · Autonomic Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2024.103180 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
DIFFERENTIAL CONTROL OF CARDIAC FUNCTIONS BY THE BRAIN
Salo, L. M., Campos, R. R., & McAllen, R. M. (2006) · Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04520.x · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“The efferent pathway is a dedicated group of cardiac chronotropic sympathetic fibres: ‘private lines’.(30) Further evidence for selective sympathetic drive is provided by a”
BackgroundVagal and Sympathetic Efferent Discharge in the Bainbridge Reflex of Dogs
Hakumäki, M. O. K. (1972) · Acta Physiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1972.tb05276.x · Cited by 20 · see citing works
- Authors
- Karim, F., Kidd, C., Malpus, C. M., & Penna, P. E.
- ORCID
- Karim, F.
- Venue
- The Journal of Physiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1972-12
- Volume
- 227
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 243-260
- ISSN
- 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7793
- PMC
- PMC1331273
- OpenAlex
- W2121185983
- Cited by
- 220
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 13.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cardiovascular, Neuropeptides, and Oxidative Stress Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Keywords
- baroreflex, cardiac sympathetic activity, renal sympathetic nerve activity, vagal blockade, balloon distension, diuretic response, renal hemodynamics, lumbar sympathetic nerve activity
- MeSH terms
- Action Potentials, Animals, Blood Pressure, Carotid Arteries, Dogs, Electrocardiography, Femoral Artery, Heart, Heart Rate, Kidney, Lumbosacral Plexus, Neurons, Neurons, Efferent, Physical Stimulation, Pulse, Sensory Receptor Cells, Reflex, Spleen, Sympathetic Nervous System, Vagus Nerve
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