PGE2 glycerol ester, a COX‐2 oxidative metabolite of 2‐arachidonoyl glycerol, modulates inhibitory synaptic transmission in mouse hippocampal neurons
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The oxygenation of endogenous cannabinoids (eCBs) 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) and arachidonoyl ethanolamide by cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) produces novel types of prostanoids: prostaglandin glycerol esters (PG-Gs) and prostaglandin ethanolamides (PG-EAs). However, the physiological function of COX-2 oxidative metabolites of eCBs is still unclear. Here we demonstrate that PGE2-G, a COX-2 oxidative metabolite of 2-AG, induced a concentration-dependent increase in the frequency ofminiature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs) in primary cultured hippocampal neurons, an effect opposite to that of 2-AG. This increase was not inhibited by SR141716, a CB1 receptor antagonist, but was attenuated by an IP3 or MAPK inhibitor. In addition, we also examined the effects of other prostanoids derived from COX-2 oxygenation of eCBs on mIPSCs. PGD2-G, PGF2alpha-G and PGD2-EA, but not PGE2-EA or PGF2alpha-EA, also increased the frequency of mIPSCs. The eCB-derived prostanoid-induced responses appeared to be different from those of corresponding arachidonic acid-derived prostanoids, implying that these effects are not mediated via known prostanoid receptors. We further discovered that the inhibition of COX-2 activity reduced inhibitory synaptic activity and augmented depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition (DSI), whereas the enhancement of COX-2 augmented the synaptic transmission and abolished DSI. Our results, which show that COX-2 oxidative metabolites of eCBs exert opposite effects to their parent molecules on inhibitory synaptic transmission, suggest that alterations in COX-2 activity will have significant impact on endocannabinoid signalling in hippocampal synaptic activity.
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Blocking COX-2 limits the production of active oxidative metabolites of AEA and 2-AG that are posited to exert effects at as yet undetermined receptors.
“blocking COX-2 will limit the production of the active oxidative metabolites of AEA (prostaglandin-Gs) and 2-AG (prostaglandin-EAs), that are posited to exert their own effects at as yet to be determined receptors (Hu et al., 2008; Sang et al., 2006; Yang and Chen, 2008).”
From The endocannabinoid system as a target for novel anxiolytic drugs (2017) · cites this paper as Sang et al., 2006
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- Authors
- Sang, N., Zhang, J., & Chen, C.
- Affiliations
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans (US)
- Venue
- The Journal of Physiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-04-21
- Volume
- 572
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 735-745
- ISSN
- 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7793
- PMC
- PMC1780008
- OpenAlex
- W1567735918
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 6.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Alzheimer's Association
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
- Keywords
- 2-arachidonoylglycerol, cyclooxygenase-2, synaptic inhibition, miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents, hippocampal neurons, depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition, IP3 receptor, MAPK signaling, endocannabinoid signaling
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animals, Newborn, Arachidonic Acids, Cells, Cultured, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Esters, Glycerides, Glycerol, Hippocampus, Neural Inhibition, Synaptic Transmission, Neurons, Oxidation-Reduction, Dinoprostone, Mice, Cyclooxygenase 2, Endocannabinoids
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