Cited by 108Muscle activation and electromyography studiesPain Mechanisms and TreatmentsMuscle Physiology and Disorders

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Immobilization induces changes in presynaptic control of group Ia afferents in healthy humans

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Lundbye‐Jensen, Jesper, Nielsen, Jens Bo·2008·The Journal of Physiology

Abstract

Neural plasticity occurs throughout adult life in response to maturation, use and disuse. Recent studies have documented that H‐reflex amplitudes increase following a period of immobilization. To elucidate the mechanisms contributing to the increase in H‐reflex size following immobilization we immobilized the left foot and ankle joint for 2 weeks in 12 able‐bodied subjects. Disynaptic reciprocal inhibition of soleus (SOL) motoneurons and presynaptic control of SOL group Ia afferents was measured before and after the immobilization as well as following 2 weeks of recovery. Following immobilization, maximal voluntary plantar‐ and dorsiflexion torque (MVC) was significantly reduced and the maximal SOL H‐reflex amplitude increased with no changes in the maximal compound motor response (M max). Decreased presynaptic inhibition of the Ia afferents probably contributed to the increase of the H‐reflex size, since we observed a significant decrease in the long‐latency depression of the SOL H‐reflex evoked by peroneal nerve stimulation (D2 inhibition) and an increase in the size of the monosynaptic Ia facilitation of the SOL H‐reflex evoked by femoral nerve stimulation. These two measures provide independent evidence of changes in presynaptic inhibition of SOL Ia afferents and taken together suggest that GABAergic presynaptic inhibition of the SOL Ia afferents is decreased following 2 weeks of immobilization. The depression of the SOL H‐reflex when evoked at intervals shorter than 10 s (homosynaptic post‐activation depression) also decreased following immobilization, suggesting that the activity‐dependent regulation of transmitter release from the afferents was also affected by immobilization. We observed no significant changes in disynaptic reciprocal Ia inhibition. Two weeks after cast removal measurements returned to pre‐immobilization levels. Together, these observations suggest that disuse causes plastic changes in spinal interneuronal circuitries responsible for presynaptic control of sensory input to the spinal cord. This may be of significance for the motor disabilities seen following immobilization as well as the development of spasticity following central motor lesions.

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  • Neuronal factors have been specified by increased coactivation of antagonistic muscles in voluntary movement, increasing the vector force that counteracts movement direction, as well as adaptations on the spinal circuitries and supraspinal level within the central nervous system.

    “However, the neuronal factors have been specified by an increased coactivation of antagonistic muscles in voluntary movement (92) increasing the vector force, which counteracts the movement direction as well as adaptations on the spinal circuitries and supraspinal level within the central nervous system (93, 94).”

    From Nonuniform loss of muscle strength and atrophy during bed rest: a systematic review (2021) · cites this paper as [93]

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  • Sensory input is processed and integrated differently into motor programs after periods of disuse, and the excitability of interneurons of the motor cortex and spinal alpha motoneurons is modulated in response to immobilization.

    “Sensory input is processed and integrated differently into motor programs after periods of disuse (93), and the excitability of interneurons of the motor cortex and spinal alpha motoneurons is modulated in response to immobilization (94).”

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Metadata

Authors
Lundbye‐Jensen, J., & Nielsen, J. B.
Affiliations
University of Copenhagen (DK)
Venue
The Journal of Physiology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2008-09
Volume
586
Issue
17
Pages
4121-4135
ISSN
  • 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-7793
OpenAlex
W1866755470
Cited by
108
References
2
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 6
FWCI
4.63
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • The Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Novo Nordisk
  • Elsass Fonden
  • Kulturministeriet
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Muscle activation and electromyography studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Keywords
immobilization, disuse, Ia afferents, presynaptic inhibition, GABAergic inhibition, H-reflex, post-activation depression, neuroplasticity, spasticity
MeSH terms
Adult, Afferent Pathways, Ankle, Electric Stimulation, Female, Femoral Nerve, Foot, Humans, Male, Muscle Contraction, Neural Inhibition, Synaptic Transmission, Neuronal Plasticity, Neurons, Afferent, Peroneal Nerve, Restraint, Physical, Spinal Cord, Presynaptic Terminals, Muscle, Skeletal

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