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Cited by 62Wound Healing and TreatmentsTissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineElectrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications

Development of the Mechanical Properties of Engineered Skin Substitutes After Grafting to Full-Thickness Wounds

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Sander, Edward A., Lynch, Kaari A., Boyce, Steven T.·2014·Journal of Biomechanical Engineering
DOI 10.1115/1.4026290PMC PMC4023834
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Abstract

Engineered skin substitutes (ESSs) have been reported to close full-thickness burn wounds but are subject to loss from mechanical shear due to their deficiencies in tensile strength and elasticity. Hypothetically, if the mechanical properties of ESS matched those of native skin, losses due to shear or fracture could be reduced. To consider modifications of the composition of ESS to improve homology with native skin, biomechanical analyses of the current composition of ESS were performed. ESSs consist of a degradable biopolymer scaffold of type I collagen and chondroitin-sulfate (CGS) that is populated sequentially with cultured human dermal fibroblasts (hF) and epidermal keratinocytes (hK). In the current study, the hydrated biopolymer scaffold (CGS), the scaffold populated with hF dermal skin substitute (DSS), or the complete ESS were evaluated mechanically for linear stiffness (N/mm), ultimate tensile load at failure (N), maximum extension at failure (mm), and energy absorbed up to the point of failure (N-mm). These biomechanical end points were also used to evaluate ESS at six weeks after grafting to full-thickness skin wounds in athymic mice and compared to murine autograft or excised murine skin. The data showed statistically significant differences (p <0.05) between ESS in vitro and after grafting for all four structural properties. Grafted ESS differed statistically from murine autograft with respect to maximum extension at failure, and from intact murine skin with respect to linear stiffness and maximum extension. These results demonstrate rapid changes in mechanical properties of ESS after grafting that are comparable to murine autograft. These values provide instruction for improvement of the biomechanical properties of ESS in vitro that may reduce clinical morbidity from graft loss.

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  • Working collagen I concentrations at physiological levels do not recapitulate the mechanical properties of the native ECM.

    “However, working collagen I concentrations at physiological levels[59,62,63] do not recapitulate the mechanical properties of the native ECM[64–66].”

    From Efficient Generation of Skin Organoids from Pluripotent Cells via Defined Extracellular Matrix Cues and Morphogen Gradients in a Spindle‐Shaped Microfluidic Device (2024) · cites this paper as [63]

    The Introduction reports that many skin substitutes do not recover the mechanical properties of native skin, and the Mechanical Properties section measures the stiffness of a collagen-based scaffold and engineered skin constructs. But this study uses a collagen–chondroitin-sulfate scaffold; it does not establish that working collagen I concentrations at physiological levels fail to reproduce native ECM mechanics. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Sander, E. A., Lynch, K. A., & Boyce, S. T.
Affiliations
  • University of Iowa (US)
  • Shriners Hospitals for Children - Cincinnati (US)
Corresponding author
Sander, Edward A.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Biomechanical Engineering
Publisher
ASME International
Published
2014-04-10
Volume
136
Issue
5
Pages
051008-051008
ISSN
  • 0148-0731 (ISSN-L)
  • 1528-8951
DOI
10.1115/1.4026290
PMC
PMC4023834
OpenAlex
W1973479774
Cited by
62
References
2
Citations by year
2025: 3 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3
FWCI
2.85
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Biomechanical Engineering (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (GM079542, R01GM079542)
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R03AR063967, AR063967)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Wound Healing and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Electrospun Nanofibers in Biomedical Applications
Keywords
engineered skin substitutes, full-thickness wounds, burn wound healing, graft loss, mechanical properties, tensile strength, stiffness, energy absorption, type I collagen, dermal fibroblasts, keratinocytes, autograft, tissue mechanics
MeSH terms
Animals, Biomechanical Phenomena, Burns, Cattle, Collagen, Fibroblasts, Glycosaminoglycans, Humans, Skin Transplantation, Skin, Artificial, Mice, Tissue Scaffolds, Mechanical Phenomena, Bioengineering, Autografts

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