Transverse flow imaging based on photoacoustic Doppler bandwidth broadening
Open accessAbstract
We propose a new method to measure transverse flow velocity based on photoacoustic Doppler bandwidth broadening, which is determined by the geometry of the probe-beam and the velocity of the transverse flow. By exploiting pulsed laser excitation and raster motor scanning, three-dimensional structure and flow velocity can be imaged simultaneously. In addition, the flow direction can be determined with bidirectional scanning. In a flowing suspension of red-dyed microspheres (diameter: 6 µm), transverse flow speeds ranging from 0 to 2.5 mm/s as well as flow direction were measured. A cross-sectional flow image was also obtained with the tube laid in a zigzag pattern.
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The speed of flowing particles having parabolic flow distribution in a cylindrical tube or vessel is measured from their Doppler shift of frequencies.
“This study builds upon the foundational research on PADF, where the speed of flowing particles having parabolic flow distribution in a cylindrical tube or vessel is measured from their Doppler shift of frequencies [26,27,28,29,30,31,32].”
From Multiwavelength Photoacoustic Doppler Flowmetry of Living Microalgae Cells (2024) · cites this paper as [32]
The figure caption in the Discussion describes fitted parabolic flow profiles in a tube, and the paper reports measuring particle-flow speed. But the Introduction and Methods distinguish this study’s measurement of Doppler bandwidth broadening from measurement by Doppler frequency shift; the Introduction says the frequency shift nearly vanishes for transverse flow. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIncreasing flow speed results in broadening the width of the PSD curve while keeping the enclosing area constant (maintaining the total power).
“It is obvious in Figure 3 that increasing flow speed results in broadening the width of the PSD curve while keeping the enclosing area constant (maintaining the total power) [32].”
From Multiwavelength Photoacoustic Doppler Flowmetry of Living Microalgae Cells (2024) · cites this paper as [32]
The Method (section 2.2; page unavailable) states that Doppler bandwidth is proportional to transverse flow velocity, supporting the broadening part of the claim. Neither that section nor the Results (section 3; page unavailable) says that the area under a PSD curve—or total power—remains constant as flow speed increases. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Yao, J., & Wang, L. V.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Biomedical Optics
- Publisher
- SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng
- Published
- 2010-03-01
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 02
- Pages
- 1-5
- ISSN
- 1083-3668 (ISSN-L)
- 1560-2281
- PMC
- PMC2857455
- OpenAlex
- W2108770540
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 6.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Biomedical Optics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (CA136398)
- National Cancer Institute (U54CA136398)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01 NS 46214, R01NS046214)
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R01EB008085, R01EB000712)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Photoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Optical Coherence Tomography Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques
- Keywords
- transverse flow velocity, flow imaging, pulsed laser excitation, flow direction measurement, microsphere suspensions
- MeSH terms
- Blood Flow Velocity, Equipment Design, Sensitivity and Specificity, Reproducibility of Results, Computer-Aided Design, Laser-Doppler Flowmetry, Equipment Failure Analysis, Elasticity Imaging Techniques
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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