The DOI matches its Crossref record; 41 of the 41 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Passion in Referees: Examining Their Affective and Cognitive Experiences in Sport Situations
Abstract
The present research examined in two studies the role of passion for refereeing in referees' affective and cognitive functioning during games. In line with past research on the dualistic model of passion (Vallerand et al., 2003), Study 1 (n1 = 90 and n2 = 148) revealed that harmonious passion (HP) for refereeing was positively associated with positive emotions and the experience of flow during games. Conversely, obsessive passion (OP) for refereeing was unrelated to positive emotions and flow, but was positively associated with negative emotional experiences during games. Study 2 (n = 227) examined referees' affective and cognitive functioning after having committed an important mistake. Results showed that HP was negatively associated with maladaptive affective and cognitive functioning after a bad call, whereas OP was positively associated with such maladaptive functioning, including subsequent poor decision making. In addition, in both studies, most referees reported to be passionate toward refereeing. Finally, results from both studies remained the same after controlling for referees' gender, age, years of experience, and types of sports.
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“These include higher positive affect, vitality, cognitive-emotional engagement, integrated forms of motivation (i.e., intrinsic motivation, identified regulation), learning goals, flow, deliberate practice and performance”
From The psychology of passion: A meta-analytical review of a decade of research on intrapersonal outcomes (2015) · cites this paper as Philippe et al., 2009
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Cites
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“An autonomous internalization occurs when individuals have freely accepted the activity as important for them without any contingencies attached to it (Deci & Ryan, 2000; Sheldon, 2002; Vallerand, 1997).”
BackgroundSelf-citationLes passions de l'ame: on obsessive and harmonious passion
Vallerand, R. J., Blanchard, C., Mageau, G. A., Koestner, R., Ratelle, C., Léonard, M., Gagné, M., & Marsolais, J. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.4.756 · Cited by 2,566 · cited 38×
“Indeed, OP has been found to be positively related to negative emotions (e.g., Mageau, Vallerand, Rousseau, Ratelle, & Provencher, 2005; Vallerand et al., 2003, 2006, Study 2) and negative self-related emotions (e.g., shame, guilt) (Mageau et al., 2005; Vallerand et al., 2003, Study 1), and to be…”
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Development and Validation of a Scale to Measure Optimal Experience: The Flow State Scale
Jackson, S. A., & Marsh, H. W. (1996) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.18.1.17 · Cited by 1,567
Assessing flow in physical activity: the Flow State Scale-2 and Dispositional Flow Scale-2
Jackson, S. A., & Eklund, R. C. (2002) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.24.2.133 · Cited by 800 · cited 1×
“The French translation (Fournier et al., 2007) of the Flow State Scale (FSS-2: Jackson & Eklund, 2002; Jackson & Marsh, 1996) was used in this study to assess flow as experienced by referees during a game.”
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Curran, T., Hill, A. P., Appleton, P. R., Vallerand, R. J., & Standage, M. (2015) · Motivation and Emotion · doi:10.1007/s11031-015-9503-0 · Cited by 499
Self-citationOn Passion for Life Activities
Vallerand, R. J. (2010) · Advances in Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(10)42003-1 · Cited by 454
Self-citationPassion at work: A meta‐analysis of individual work outcomes
Pollack, J. M., Ho, V. T., O’Boyle, E. H., & Kirkman, B. L. (2020) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2434 · Cited by 336
Passion and grit: An exploration of the pathways leading to venture success
Mueller, B. A., Wolfe, M. T., & Syed, I. (2017) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2017.02.001 · Cited by 328
Forest, J., Mageau, G. A., Sarrazin, C., & Morin, E. M. (2010) · Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences / Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l Administration · doi:10.1002/cjas.170 · Cited by 334
Metadata
- Authors
- Philippe, F. L., Vallerand, R. J., Andrianarisoa, J., & Brunel, P.
- Affiliations
- 1McGill University
- Université du Québec à Montréal (CA)
- Université de Limoges (FR)
- ORCID
- Vallerand, Robert J.
- Venue
- Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology
- Publisher
- Human Kinetics
- Published
- 2009-02
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 77-96
- ISSN
- 0895-2779 (ISSN-L)
- 1543-2904
- OpenAlex
- W1500381339
- Cited by
- 157
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 11.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Motivation and Self-Concept in Sports
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Grit, Self-Efficacy, and Motivation
- Keywords
- harmonious passion, obsessive passion, dualistic model of passion, flow, positive emotions, negative emotions, decision-making, emotional functioning, cognitive function
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Cognition, Decision Making, Emotions, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, France, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Psychological, Soccer, Stress, Psychological
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