Cited by 57Cannabis and Cannabinoid ResearchPain Mechanisms and TreatmentsInflammatory mediators and NSAID effects

Full Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase Inhibition Combined with Partial Monoacylglycerol Lipase Inhibition: Augmented and Sustained Antinociceptive Effects with Reduced Cannabimimetic Side Effects in Mice

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Ghosh, Sudeshna, Kinsey, Steven G., Liu, Qing-song, Hruba, Lenka, McMahon, Lance R., Grim, Travis W., Merritt, Christina R., Wise, Laura E. +5 more·2015·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

Abstract

Inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) or monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), the primary hydrolytic enzymes for the respective endocannabinoids N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG), produces antinociception but with minimal cannabimimetic side effects. Although selective inhibitors of either enzyme often show partial efficacy in various nociceptive models, their combined blockade elicits augmented antinociceptive effects, but side effects emerge. Moreover, complete and prolonged MAGL blockade leads to cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) receptor functional tolerance, which represents another challenge in this potential therapeutic strategy. Therefore, the present study tested whether full FAAH inhibition combined with partial MAGL inhibition would produce sustained antinociceptive effects with minimal cannabimimetic side effects. Accordingly, we tested a high dose of the FAAH inhibitor PF-3845 (N-​3-​pyridinyl-​4-​[[3-​[[5-​(trifluoromethyl)-​2-​pyridinyl]oxy]phenyl]methyl]-​1-​piperidinecarboxamide; 10 mg/kg) given in combination with a low dose of the MAGL inhibitor JZL184 [4-nitrophenyl 4-(dibenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl(hydroxy)methyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate] (4 mg/kg) in mouse models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. This combination of inhibitors elicited profound increases in brain AEA levels (>10-fold) but only 2- to 3-fold increases in brain 2-AG levels. This combination produced significantly greater antinociceptive effects than single enzyme inhibition and did not elicit common cannabimimetic effects (e.g., catalepsy, hypomotility, hypothermia, and substitution for Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol in the drug-discrimination assay), although these side effects emerged with high-dose JZL184 (i.e., 100 mg/kg). Finally, repeated administration of this combination did not lead to tolerance to its antiallodynic actions in the carrageenan assay or CB1 receptor functional tolerance. Thus, full FAAH inhibition combined with partial MAGL inhibition reduces neuropathic and inflammatory pain states with minimal cannabimimetic effects.

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  • Combining a high dose of the FAAH inhibitor PF-3845 with a low dose of the MAGL inhibitor JZL184 attenuates carrageenan-induced mechanical allodynia and paw edema in mice to a greater degree than either drug alone.

    “Combining a high dose of the FAAH inhibitor, PF-3845 with a low dose of the MAGL inhibitor, JZL184, attenuates carrageenan induced mechanical allodynia and paw edema in mice to a greater degree than either drug alone (Ghosh et al, 2015).”

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Authors
Ghosh, S., Kinsey, S. G., Liu, Q.-S., Hruba, L., McMahon, L. R., Grim, T. W., Merritt, C. R., Wise, L. E., Abdullah, R. A., Selley, D. E., Sim-Selley, L. J., Cravatt, B. F., & Lichtman, A. H.
Affiliations
West Virginia University (US)
Venue
The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2015-08
Volume
354
Issue
2
Pages
111-120
ISSN
0022-3565 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2248642046
Cited by
54
References
47
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 1
FWCI
4.56
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01da035217-10)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R56MH101146)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (P01DA009789, R01DA019222, R01DA030404, R01DA032933, R01-DA19222, P30DA033934, P01DA017259, R01-DA035217, T32DA007027)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Inflammatory mediators and NSAID effects
Keywords
fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibition, monoacylglycerol lipase inhibition, endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, antinociception, inflammatory pain, neuropathic pain, JZL184, combination therapy, allodynia, drug discrimination
MeSH terms
Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolases, Amidohydrolases, Analgesics, Animals, Brain, Drug Therapy, Combination, Hyperalgesia, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Monoacylglycerol Lipases, Piperidines, Pyridines, Time Factors, Treatment Outcome, Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1, Mice, Benzodioxoles, Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists, Cannabinoid Receptor Antagonists

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