The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Unifying the Epidemiological and Evolutionary Dynamics of Pathogens
Abstract
A key priority for infectious disease research is to clarify how pathogen genetic variation, modulated by host immunity, transmission bottlenecks, and epidemic dynamics, determines the wide variety of pathogen phylogenies observed at scales that range from individual host to population. We call the melding of immunodynamics, epidemiology, and evolutionary biology required to achieve this synthesis pathogen “phylodynamics.” We introduce a phylodynamic framework for the dissection of dynamic forces that determine the diversity of epidemiological and phylogenetic patterns observed in RNA viruses of vertebrates. A central pillar of this model is the Evolutionary Infectivity Profile, which captures the relationship between immune selection and pathogen transmission.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Shankarappa, R., Margolick, J. B., Gange, S. J., Rodrigo, A. G., Upchurch, D., Farzadegan, H., Gupta, P., Rinaldo, C. R., Learn, G. H., He, X., et al. (1999) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.73.12.10489-10502.1999 · Cited by 926
Ecological and immunological determinants of influenza evolution.
Ferguson, N. M., Galvani, A. P., & Bush, R. M. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01509 · Cited by 746
Chaos, Persistence, and Evolution of Strain Structure in Antigenically Diverse Infectious Agents
Gupta, S., Ferguson, N., & Anderson, R. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.280.5365.912 · Cited by 298
Cited by
Mapping the Antigenic and Genetic Evolution of Influenza Virus
Smith, D. J., Lapedes, A. S., de Jong, J. C., Bestebroer, T. M., Rimmelzwaan, G. F., Osterhaus, A. D. M. E., & Fouchier, R. A. M. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1097211 · Cited by 1,868
Prediction and prevention of the next pandemic zoonosis.
Morse, S. S., Mazet, J. A., Woolhouse, M., Parrish, C. R., Carroll, D., Karesh, W. B., Zambrana-Torrelio, C., Lipkin, W. I., & Daszak, P. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61684-5 · Cited by 1,070
Domingo, E., Sheldon, J., & Perales, C. (2012) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.05023-11 · Cited by 1,009
Cross-Species Virus Transmission and the Emergence of New Epidemic Diseases
Parrish, C. R., Holmes, E. C., Morens, D. M., Park, E.-C., Burke, D. S., Calisher, C. H., Laughlin, C. A., Saif, L. J., & Daszak, P. (2008) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.00004-08 · Cited by 834
Self-citationEmergence of genomic diversity and recurrent mutations in SARS-CoV-2
van Dorp, L., Acman, M., Richard, D., Shaw, L. P., Ford, C. E., Ormond, L., Owen, C. J., Pang, J., Tan, C. C. S., Boshier, F. A. T., et al. (2020) · Infection, Genetics and Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104351 · Cited by 774
Metadata
- Authors
- Grenfell, B. T., Pybus, O. G., Gog, J. R., Wood, J. L. N., Daly, J. M., Mumford, J. A., & Holmes, E. C.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2004-01-16
- Volume
- 303
- Issue
- 5656
- Pages
- 327-332
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2142773663
- Cited by
- 1,385
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 24.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Unifying the Epidemiological and Evolutionary Dynamics of Pathogens. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.1090727
- The paper
- Grenfell, B. T., Pybus, O. G., Gog, J. R., Wood, J. L. N., Daly, J. M., Mumford, J. A., & Holmes, E. C. (2004). Unifying the Epidemiological and Evolutionary Dynamics of Pathogens. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1090727
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
