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Finite-Frequency Tomography Reveals a Variety of Plumes in the Mantle
Abstract
We present tomographic evidence for the existence of deep-mantle thermal convection plumes. P -wave velocity images show at least six well-resolved plumes that extend into the lowermost mantle: Ascension, Azores, Canary, Easter, Samoa, and Tahiti. Other less well-resolved plumes, including Hawaii, may also reach the lowermost mantle. We also see several plumes that are mostly confined to the upper mantle, suggesting that convection may be partially separated into two depth regimes. All of the observed plumes have diameters of several hundred kilometers, indicating that plumes convey a substantial fraction of the internal heat escaping from Earth.
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Citations
Cites
Convection plumes in the lower mantle
MORGAN, W. J. (1971) · Nature · doi:10.1038/230042a0 · Cited by 2,565
Cited by
Broad plumes rooted at the base of the Earth's mantle beneath major hotspots
French, S. W., & Romanowicz, B. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14876 · Cited by 915
O'Neill, C., Müller, D., & Steinberger, B. (2005) · Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems · doi:10.1029/2004gc000784 · Cited by 379
Archean geodynamics and the thermal evolution of Earth
Korenaga, J. (2006) · Geophysical Monograph Series · doi:10.1029/164gm03 · Cited by 356
Stern, R. J., Gerya, T., & Tackley, P. J. (2018) · Geoscience Frontiers · doi:10.1016/j.gsf.2017.06.004 · Cited by 117
Easter Island, SE Pacific: An end-member type of hotspot volcanism
Vezzoli, L., & Acocella, V. (2009) · Geological Society of America Bulletin · doi:10.1130/b26470.1 · Cited by 62
Metadata
- Authors
- Montelli, R., Nolet, G., Dahlen, F. A., Masters, G., Engdahl, E. R., & Hung, S.-H.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2004-01-16
- Volume
- 303
- Issue
- 5656
- Pages
- 338-343
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2081839958
- Cited by
- 1,033
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 60.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Montelli, R., Nolet, G., Dahlen, F. A., Masters, G., Engdahl, E. R., & Hung, S.-H. (2004). Finite-Frequency Tomography Reveals a Variety of Plumes in the Mantle. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1092485
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