Initial results from the Mini-TES experiment in Gusev crater from the Spirit rover
Abstract
The Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer (Mini-TES) on Spirit has studied the mineralogy and thermophysical properties at Gusev crater. Undisturbed soil spectra show evidence for minor carbonates and bound water. Rocks are olivinerich basalts with varying degrees of dust and other coatings. Dark-toned soils observed on disturbed surfaces may be derived from rocks and have derived mineralogy (±5 to 10%) of 45% pyroxene (20% Ca-rich pyroxene and 25% pigeonite), 40% sodic to intermediate plagioclase, and 15% olivine (forsterite 45% ±5 to 10). Two spectrally distinct coatings are observed on rocks, a possible indicator of the interaction of water, rock, and airfall dust. Diurnal temperature data indicate particle sizes from 40 to 80 μm in hollows to â¼0.5 to 3 mm in soils.
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On Mars ultramafic and serpentinized rocks have been found, with the olivine on Mars having an even higher iron content than that found on Earth.
“On Mars ultramafic and serpentinized rocks have been found, with the olivine on Mars having an even higher iron content than that found on Earth (Hoefen et al., 2003; Christensen et al., 2004; Ehlmann et al., 2010; Holm et al., 2015; Tutolo and Tosca, 2023).”
From Serpentinization as the source of energy, electrons, organics, catalysts, nutrients and pH gradients for the origin of LUCA and life (2023) · cites this paper as Christensen et al., 2004
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Morgan, P., Grott, M., Knapmeyer‐Endrun, B., Golombek, M. P., Delage, P., Lognonné, P. H., Piqueux, S., Daubar, I. J., Murdoch, N., Charalambous, C., et al. (2018) · Space Science Reviews · doi:10.1007/s11214-018-0537-y · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationKinetic model of olivine dissolution and extent of aqueous alteration on mars
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Self-citationSurficial Deposits at Gusev Crater Along Spirit Rover Traverses
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Self-citationMcLennan, S. M., Sephton, M. A., Allen, C. C., Allwood, A. C., Barbieri, R., Beaty, D. W., Boston, P. J., CARR, M., Grady, M., Grant, J., et al. (2012) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2011.0805 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Self-citationSpectroscopic evidence for hydrous iron sulfate in the Martian soil
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Rogers, A. D., Bandfield, J. L., & Christensen, P. R. (2007) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2006je002726 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citationInfrared Spectrometer for ExoMars: A Mast-Mounted Instrument for the Rover
Korablev, O., Dobrolensky, Y., Евдокимова, Н. А., Fedorova, A. A., Kuzmin, R. O., Mantsevich, S. N., Cloutis, E. A., Carter, J., Poulet, F., Flahaut, J., et al. (2017) · Astrobiology · doi:10.1089/ast.2016.1543 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Wang, A., Korotev, R. L., Jolliff, B. L., HASKIN, L. A., Crumpler, L. S., Farrand, W. H., Herkenhoff, K. E., Júnior, P. A. D. S., Kusack, A., Hurowitz, J. A., et al. (2006) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2005je002516 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
JMSS-1: a new Martian soil simulant
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Evidence for extensive olivine‐rich basalt bedrock outcrops in Ganges and Eos chasmas, Mars
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Self-citationBasaltic andesite, altered basalt, and a TES‐based search for smectite clay minerals on Mars
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Self-citationReview of hydrothermal processes and systems on Earth and implications for Martian analogues
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Mars Exploration Rover Operations with the Science Activity Planner
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“On Mars ultramafic and serpentinized rocks have been found, with the olivine on Mars having an even higher iron content than that found on Earth (Hoefen et al., 2003; Christensen et al., 2004; Ehlmann et al., 2010; Holm et al., 2015; Tutolo and Tosca, 2023).”
BackgroundUnderstanding the signature of rock coatings in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy data
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Self-citationThe thermal inertia of the surface of Mars
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Self-citationOn the in situ aqueous alteration of soils on Mars
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Martian surface properties from joint analysis of orbital, Earth-based, and surface observations
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Self-citationEvidence for Mg-rich carbonates on Mars from a 3.9 μm absorption feature
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Temperature-dependent thermal inertia of homogeneous Martian regolith
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Self-citationSulfur on Mars from the Atmosphere to the Core
Franz, H. B., King, P. L., & Gaillard, F. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-804191-8.00006-4 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
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Self-citationMagnetic anomalies near Apollinaris Patera and the Medusae Fossae Formation in Lucus Planum, Mars
Hood, L. L., Harrison, K. P., Langlais, B., Lillis, R. J., Poulet, F., & Williams, D. A. (2010) · Icarus · doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2010.01.009 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Martínez‐Alonso, S., JAKOSKY, B. M., Mellon, M. T., & Putzig, N. E. (2005) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2004je002327 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Columbia Hills, Mars: Aeolian features seen from the ground and orbit
Greeley, R., Whelley, P., Neakrase, L. D. V., Arvidson, R. E., Bridges, N. T., Cabrol, N. A., Christensen, P. R., Di, K., Foley, D. J., Golombek, M. P., et al. (2008) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2007je002971 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
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First in situ investigation of a dark wind streak on Mars
Geissler, P. E., Johnson, J. R., Sullivan, R., Herkenhoff, K. E., Mittlefehldt, D. W., Fergason, R. L., Ming, D. W., Morris, R. V., Squyres, S. W., Soderblom, L. A., et al. (2008) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2008je003102 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
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Development of a Martian Regolith Simulant for In-Situ Resource Utilization Testing
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Bishop, J. L., Schiffman, P. S., Murad, E., Dyar, M. D., Drief, A., & Lane, M. D. (2007) · Clays and Clay Minerals · doi:10.1346/ccmn.2007.0550101 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Pettinelli, E., Burghignoli, P., Pisani, A. R., Ticconi, F., Galli, A., Vannaroni, G., & Bella, F. (2007) · IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing · doi:10.1109/tgrs.2007.893563 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Carbonate rocks in the Mojave Desert as an analogue for Martian carbonates
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The Emirates Mars Mission (EMM) Emirates Mars InfraRed Spectrometer (EMIRS) Instrument
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Self-citationMars Exploration Rover Geologic traverse by the Spirit rover in the Plains of Gusev Crater, Mars
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Shkrob, I. A., & Chemerisov, S. (2009) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/jp906250w · Cited by 36 · see citing works
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Self-citationSoil sedimentology at Gusev Crater from Columbia Memorial Station to Winter Haven
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Self-citationMagnesium-Based Cements for Martian Construction
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Capacity of Chlorate to Oxidize Ferrous Iron: Implications for Iron Oxide Formation on Mars
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Trapped Ar isotopes in meteorite ALH 84001 indicate Mars did not have a thick ancient atmosphere
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- Authors
- Christensen, P. R., Ruff, S. W., Fergason, R. L., Knudson, A. T., Anwar, S., Arvidson, R. E., Bandfield, J. L., Blaney, D. L., Budney, C., Calvin, W. M., Glotch, T. D., Golombek, M. P., Gorelick, N., Graff, T. G., Hamilton, V. E., Hayes, A., Johnson, J. R., McSween, H. Y., Mehall, G. L., Mehall, L. K., Moersch, J. E., Morris, R. V., Rogers, A. D., Smith, M. D., Squyres, S. W., Wolff, M. J., & Wyatt, M. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (US)
- Department of Geological Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
- Corresponding author
- Christensen, P. R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2004-08-06
- Volume
- 305
- Issue
- 5685
- Pages
- 837-842
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2099518375
- Cited by
- 173
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 11.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Planetary Science and Exploration
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astro and Planetary Science
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Keywords
- Spirit rover, Gusev Crater, Mars mineralogy, thermophysical properties, carbonates, bound water, pyroxene, plagioclase, olivine, diurnal temperature, particle size, Martian soil
- MeSH terms
- Carbonates, Interferometry, Minerals, Oxides, Spectrum Analysis, Temperature, Water, Magnesium Compounds, Silicates, Mars, Geologic Sediments, Iron Compounds
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