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Cited by 75Planetary Science and ExplorationAstro and Planetary ScienceSoil Mechanics and Vehicle Dynamics

JMSS-1: a new Martian soil simulant

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Zeng, Xiaojia, Li, Xiongyao, Wang, Shijie, Li, Shijie, Spring, Nicole, Tang, Hong, Li, Yang, Feng, Junming·2015·Earth, Planets and Space
DOI 10.1186/s40623-015-0248-5
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Abstract

It is important to develop Martian soil simulants that can be used in Mars exploration programs and Mars research. A new Martian soil simulant, called Jining Martian Soil Simulant (JMSS-1), was developed at the Lunar and Planetary Science Research Center at the Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The raw materials of JMSS-1 are Jining basalt and Fe oxides (magnetite and hematite). JMSS-1 was produced by mechanically crushing Jining basalt with the addition of small amounts of magnetite and hematite. The properties of this simulant, including chemical composition, mineralogy, particle size, mechanical properties, reflectance spectra, dielectric properties, volatile content, and hygroscopicity, have been analyzed. On the basis of these test results, it was demonstrated that JMSS-1 is an ideal Martian soil simulant in terms of chemical composition, mineralogy, and physical properties. JMSS-1 would be an appropriate choice as a Martian soil simulant in scientific and engineering experiments in China’s Mars exploration in the future.

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  • The Mars surface is composed primarily of mafic rocks, usually basalts.

    “The Mars surface is composed primarily of mafic rocks, usually basalts [28,29,30,31]”

    From Mars Regolith Simulant Ameliorated by Compost as in situ Cultivation Substrate Improves Lettuce Growth and Nutritional Aspects (2020) · cites this paper as [29]

    The ‘Target simulant and raw material selection’ section says the Martian surface is dominated by basaltic soil, presumed to derive largely from basalts and probably basaltic andesites. It explicitly distinguishes loose soil from rocks and bedrock, so it supports the surface’s predominantly basaltic character but not the claim that the surface is composed primarily of mafic rocks. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • The Martian surface is covered by a basaltic sand that is mainly composed of plagioclases and mafic minerals.

    “The surface is covered by a basaltic sand that is mainly composed of plagioclases and mafic minerals (including nesosilicates and inosilicates such as olivine and pyroxene) (Peters et al., 2008;Zeng et al., 2015;Filiberto, 2017).”

    From The Potential for Lunar and Martian Regolith Simulants to Sustain Plant Growth: A Multidisciplinary Overview (2022) · cites this paper as Zeng et al., 2015

    The Target simulant and raw material selection section says the Martian surface is dominated by basaltic soil composed primarily of plagioclase, pyroxene, and olivine. The Comparison with Martian soil section says much of the surface is covered by unconsolidated soils. The paper does not establish that this material is specifically sand or that it covers the entire surface. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • The particle size distributions of Lunar and Martian simulants must be modified to create an optimal particle assemblage that promotes air permeability and geochemical and mechanical interactions to enhance element bioavailability.

    “The particle size distributions of Lunar and Martian simulants must be modified to create an optimal particle assemblage (Cannon et al., 2019) that promotes air permeability (to avoid anoxia stress) and geochemical and mechanical interactions to enhance element bioavailability (Beegle et al., 2007;Zeng et al., 2015;Cannon et al., 2019).”

    From The Potential for Lunar and Martian Regolith Simulants to Sustain Plant Growth: A Multidisciplinary Overview (2022) · cites this paper as Zeng et al., 2015

    The Production of JMSS-1 section says its grain-size distribution was adjusted by sieving, and Target simulant and raw material selection specifies particle-size, chemical, and mechanical criteria for a Martian simulant. The paper does not say that this adjustment promotes air permeability or geochemical and mechanical interactions that enhance element bioavailability; it does not address lunar simulants. (LLM, conf=0.78)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Data from rovers show low variability in bulk chemical composition of regolith in the areas where measurements have been acquired.

    “The data from rovers show low variability in bulk chemical composition of regolith in the areas where measurements have been acquired (Zeng et al., 2015).”

    From The Potential for Lunar and Martian Regolith Simulants to Sustain Plant Growth: A Multidisciplinary Overview (2022) · cites this paper as Zeng et al., 2015

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Zeng, X., Li, X., Wang, S., Li, S., Spring, N., Tang, H., Li, Y., & Feng, J.
Affiliations
  • Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
  • University of Manchester (GB)
Corresponding author
Li, Xiongyao
ORCID
Venue
Earth, Planets and Space
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2015-05-20
Volume
67
Issue
1
ISSN
  • 1343-8832 (ISSN-L)
  • 1880-5981
DOI
10.1186/s40623-015-0248-5
OpenAlex
W2144402548
Cited by
75
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2
FWCI
1.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Earth Planets and Space (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • National University of Singapore (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (41403059, 41373067, 41490630, 41403057)
  • Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Planetary Science and Exploration
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astro and Planetary Science
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Civil and Structural Engineering › Soil Mechanics and Vehicle Dynamics
Keywords
Martian soil simulant, magnetite, hematite, Mars exploration, soil mineralogy, spectral reflectance, dielectric properties, hygroscopicity, volatile content, mechanical properties, particle size

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