A PINOID-Dependent Binary Switch in Apical-Basal PIN Polar Targeting Directs Auxin Efflux
Open accessAbstract
Polar transport–dependent local accumulation of auxin provides positional cues for multiple plant patterning processes. This directional auxin flow depends on the polar subcellular localization of the PIN auxin efflux regulators. Overexpression of the PINOID protein kinase induces a basal-to-apical shift in PIN localization, resulting in the loss of auxin gradients and strong defects in embryo and seedling roots. Conversely, pid loss of function induces an apical-to-basal shift in PIN1 polar targeting at the inflorescence apex, accompanied by defective organogenesis. Our results show that a PINOID-dependent binary switch controls PIN polarity and mediates changes in auxin flow to create local gradients for patterning processes.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
PID modulates polar auxin transport by regulating PIN1 localization within the cell.
“The AGC III kinase PID was proposed to modulate polar auxin transport by regulating PIN1 localization within the cell (Friml et al., 2004;Michniewicz et al., 2007).”
From Auxin Depletion from the Leaf Axil Conditions Competence for Axillary Meristem Formation in <i>Arabidopsis</i> and Tomato (2014) · cites this paper as Friml et al., 2004
In the vegetative meristem of pid-9, PIN1 proteins showed a random distribution rather than regular intracellular polarization.
“In contrast to the basal localization of PIN1 proteins reported for the inflorescence of pid mutants (Friml et al., 2004), we did not observe a regular intracellular polarization, but more a random distribution, of PIN1 proteins in the vegetative meristem of pid-9 (Figure 4F).”
From Auxin Depletion from the Leaf Axil Conditions Competence for Axillary Meristem Formation in <i>Arabidopsis</i> and Tomato (2014) · cites this paper as Friml et al., 2004
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 24
- R. F. Hoekstra, J. Theor. Biol. 87, 785 (1980).
- N. Maire, M. Ackermann, M. Doebeli, Selection 2, 119 (2001).
- C. Packer, A. E. Pusey, Sci. Am. 276, 52 (1997).
- T. Pitcher, Neth. J. Zool. 42, 371 (1993).
- T. H. Clutton-Brock et al., Science 284, 1640 (1999).
- J. Friml et al., Nature 426, 147 (2003).
- J. Mattsson, W. Ckurshumova, T. Berleth, Plant Physiol. 131, 1327 (2003).
- E. Benkova et al., Cell 115, 591 (2003).
- J. Friml, K. Palme, Plant Mol. Biol. 49, 273 (2002).
- J. Friml, J. Wisniewska, E. Benkova, K. Mendgen, K. Palme, Nature 415, 806 (2002).
- N. Geldner et al., Cell 112, 219 (2003).
- S. R. M. Bennett, J. Alvarez, G. Bossinger, D. R. Smyth, Plant J. 8, 505 (1995).
- S. K. Christensen, N. Dagenais, J. Chory, D. Weigel, Cell 100, 469 (2000).
- R. Benjamins, A. Quint, D. Weijers, P. Hooykaas, R. Offringa, Development 128, 4057 (2001).
- A. Muller et al., EMBO J. 17, 6903 (1998).
- J. Friml et al., Cell 108, 661 (2002).
- I. Ottenschlager et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100, 2987 (2003).
- K. Ljung et al., Plant Mol. Biol. 50, 309 (2002).
- T. Steinmann et al., Science 286, 316 (1999).
- D. Weijers, N. Geldner, R. Offringa, G. Jurgens, Nature 414, 709 (2001).
- D. Weijers et al., Development 128, 4289 (2001).
- D. Reinhardt et al., Nature 426, 255 (2003).
- N. Geldner et al., Development 131, 389 (2004).
- T. Berleth, T. Sachs, Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 4, 57 (2001).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Canalization of auxin flow by Aux/IAA-ARF-dependent feedback regulation of PIN polarity
Sauer, M., Balla, J., Luschnig, C., Wiśniewska, J., Reinöhl, V., Friml, J., & Benková, E. (2006) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.390806 · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Self-citationInteractions among PIN-FORMED and P-Glycoprotein Auxin Transporters in <i>Arabidopsis</i>
Blakeslee, J. J., Bandyopadhyay, A., Lee, O. R., Mravec, J., Titapiwatanakun, B., Sauer, M., Makam, S. N., Cheng, Y., Bouchard, R., Adamec, J., et al. (2007) · The Plant Cell · doi:10.1105/tpc.106.040782 · Cited by 434 · see citing works
Self-citationAuxin Transporters--Why So Many?
Zazimalova, E., Murphy, A. S., Yang, H., Hoyerova, K., & Hosek, P. (2010) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a001552 · Cited by 400 · see citing works
Phillips, K. A., Skirpan, A. L., Liu, X., Christensen, A., Slewinski, T. L., Hudson, C., Barazesh, S., Cohen, J. D., Malcomber, S., & McSteen, P. (2011) · The Plant Cell · doi:10.1105/tpc.110.075267 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Wenzel, C. L., Schuetz, M., Yu, Q., & Mattsson, J. (2007) · The Plant Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1365-313x.2006.02977.x · Cited by 267 · see citing works
The Relationship between Auxin Transport and Maize Branching
Gallavotti, A., Yang, Y., Schmidt, R. J., & Jackson, D. (2008) · Plant Physiology · doi:10.1104/pp.108.121541 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Hormonal regulation of branching in grasses
McSteen, P. (2009) · Plant Physiology · doi:10.1104/pp.108.129056 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Wang, Q., Kohlen, W., Rossmann, S., Vernoux, T., & Theres, K. (2014) · The Plant Cell · doi:10.1105/tpc.114.123059 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Titapiwatanakun, B., & Murphy, A. S. (2009) · Journal of Experimental Botany · doi:10.1093/jxb/ern240 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Something on the Side: Axillary Meristems and Plant Development
Bennett, T., & Leyser, O. (2006) · Plant Molecular Biology · doi:10.1007/s11103-005-2763-4 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Zhao, X., Wang, Y.-L., Qiao, X.-R., Wang, J., Wang, L.-D., Xu, C.-S., & Zhang, X. (2013) · Plant Physiology · doi:10.1104/pp.113.216556 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
- Authors
- Friml, J., Yang, X., Michniewicz, M., Weijers, D., Quint, A., Tietz, O., Benjamins, R., Ouwerkerk, P. B. F., Ljung, K., Sandberg, G., Hooykaas, P. J. J., Palme, K., & Offringa, R.
- Affiliations
- Developmental Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology of Plants, University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
- Leiden University (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Offringa, Remko
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2004-10-29
- Volume
- 306
- Issue
- 5697
- Pages
- 862-865
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2131399365
- Cited by
- 789
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 41 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 28 · 2014: 54 · 2013: 50 · 2012: 43
- FWCI
- 50.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- James S. McDonnell Foundation
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Keywords
- PINOID, Pin1, auxin efflux, polar auxin transport, binary switch, auxin gradients, auxin signaling, root development, subcellular localization
- MeSH terms
- Biological Transport, Indoleacetic Acids, Mutation, Recombinant Fusion Proteins, Seeds, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Arabidopsis, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Plant Roots, Meristem, Plant Shoots, Plant Epidermis, Membrane Transport Proteins, Arabidopsis Proteins, Plants, Genetically Modified
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
