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Avian Paternal Care Had Dinosaur Origin
Abstract
The repeated discovery of adult dinosaurs in close association with egg clutches leads to speculation over the type and extent of care exhibited by these extinct animals for their eggs and young. To assess parental care in Cretaceous troodontid and oviraptorid dinosaurs, we examined clutch volume and the bone histology of brooding adults. In comparison to four archosaur care regressions, the relatively large clutch volumes of Troodon, Oviraptor , and Citipati scale most closely with a bird-paternal care model. Clutch-associated adults lack the maternal and reproductively associated histologic features common to extant archosaurs. Large clutch volumes and a suite of reproductive features shared only with birds favor paternal care, possibly within a polygamous mating system. Paternal care in both troodontids and oviraptorids indicates that this care system evolved before the emergence of birds and represents birds' ancestral condition. In extant birds and over most adult sizes, paternal and biparental care correspond to the largest and smallest relative clutch volumes, respectively.
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Mapping known reproductive behaviors of non-avian dinosaurs on a cladogram revealed that many reproductive traits of birds may have been derived from both archosaurian and dinosaurian ancestors.
“For example, by mapping the known reproductive behaviors of non-avian dinosaurs on a cladogram, including the social behaviors of nest attendance, parental protection, brooding, and communal nesting, Horner (2000) revealed that many of the reproductive traits of birds may have been derived from both their archosaurian and dinosaurian ancestors (see also Varricchio et al. 2008, arguing that”
From The evolution of sociality and the polyvagal theory (2023) · cites this paper as Varricchio et al., 2008
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Prum, R. O. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1168808 · Cited by 19
Egg allometry: influences of phylogeny and the altricial–precocial continuum
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The fossil record and evolution of avian egg nesting and incubation
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Metadata
- Authors
- Varricchio, D. J., Moore, J. R., Erickson, G. M., Norell, M. A., Jackson, F. D., & Borkowski, J. J.
- Affiliations
- Florida State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Varricchio, David J.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2008-12-19
- Volume
- 322
- Issue
- 5909
- Pages
- 1826-1828
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2055090154
- Cited by
- 177
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 5.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Avian ecology and behavior
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Keywords
- paternal care, Troodontidae, Oviraptoridae, bone histology, archosaurs, avian evolution, biparental care, polygamy, Cretaceous dinosaurs, egg clutches
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Birds, Bone and Bones, Biological Evolution, Female, Fossils, Male, Maternal Behavior, Nesting Behavior, Paternal Behavior, Regression Analysis, Sexual Behavior, Animal, Dinosaurs, Clutch Size
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