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The Amyloid Precursor Protein Has a Flexible Transmembrane Domain and Binds Cholesterol
Abstract
Insights into Amyloidogenesis: The amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides associated with Alzheimer's disease are generated by cleavage of the transmembrane C-terminal domain (C99) of the amyloid precursor protein by the enzyme γ-secretase. Barrett et al. (p. 1168 ) used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to show that C99 contains surface-associated N- and C-terminal helices and a flexibly curved transmembrane helix that is well suited to processive cleavage by γ-secretase. Elevated cholesterol levels have been found to increase Aβ generation. NMR titration together with mutagenesis revealed a binding site for cholesterol within C99 that included a motif previously implicated in protein oligomerization.
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The APP protein has a cholesterol binding site.
“The conclusion is further supported by the existence of a cholesterol binding site in the APP protein (61).”
From Regulation of beta-amyloid production in neurons by astrocyte-derived cholesterol (2021) · cites this paper as [61]
The paper identifies a cholesterol-binding site in C99, a fragment of APP, and reports cholesterol binding by that fragment. It says full-length APP is *likely* to bind cholesterol with similar avidity; the unqualified claim about the full-length protein goes beyond what was directly shown. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe effect of CE on Aβ is mediated by a domain in APP that has previously been shown to bind cholesterol.
“We show that the effect of CE on Aβ is mediated by a domain in APP that has previously been shown to bind cholesterol (Barrett et al., 2012), possibly suggesting that this cholesterol-binding domain can also sense CE.”
From Cholesterol Metabolism Is a Druggable Axis that Independently Regulates Tau and Amyloid-β in iPSC-Derived Alzheimer’s Disease Neurons (2019) · cites this paper as Barrett et al., 2012
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Metadata
- Authors
- Barrett, P. J., Song, Y., Van Horn, W. D., Hustedt, E. J., Schafer, J. M., Hadziselimovic, A., Beel, A. J., & Sanders, C. R.
- Affiliations
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Structural Biology and Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2012-06
- Volume
- 336
- Issue
- 6085
- Pages
- 1168-1171
- ISSN
- 0036-8075
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC3528355
- Cited by
- 467
- References
- 1
- Language
- en
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