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The Time Course of Glutamate in the Synaptic Cleft
Abstract
The peak concentration and rate of clearance of neurotransmitter from the synaptic cleft are important determinants of synaptic function, yet the neurotransmitter concentration time course is unknown at synapses in the brain. The time course of free glutamate in the cleft was estimated by kinetic analysis of the displacement of a rapidly dissociating competitive antagonist from N -methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors during synaptic transmission. Glutamate peaked at 1.1 millimolar and decayed with a time constant of 1.2 milliseconds at cultured hippocampal synapses. This time course implies that transmitter saturates postsynaptic NMDA receptors. However, glutamate dissociates much more rapidly from α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors. Thus, the time course of free glutamate predicts that dissociation contributes to the decay of the AMPA receptor-mediated postsynaptic current.
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Citations
Cited by
Danbolt, N. C. (2001) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(00)00067-8 · Cited by 4,227
Glutamate receptors in the mammalian central nervous system
Ozawa, S., Kamiya, H., & Tsuzuki, K. (1998) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(97)00085-3 · Cited by 1,122
Role of Glutamate and NMDA Receptors in Alzheimer’s Disease
Wang, R., & Reddy, P. H. (2017) · Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-160763 · Cited by 1,009
Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer?s disease
HYND, M. (2004) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2004.03.007 · Cited by 938
Mitochondria and neuronal activity
Kann, O., & Kovács, R. (2007) · American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00222.2006 · Cited by 855
Metadata
- Authors
- Clements, J. D., Lester, R. A. J., Tong, G., Jahr, C. E., & Westbrook, G. L.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1992-11-27
- Volume
- 258
- Issue
- 5087
- Pages
- 1498-1501
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2003059369
- Cited by
- 1,087
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 16.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Clements, J. D., Lester, R. A. J., Tong, G., Jahr, C. E., & Westbrook, G. L. (1992). The Time Course of Glutamate in the Synaptic Cleft. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1359647
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