Cited by 86Down syndrome and intellectual disability researchSleep and Wakefulness ResearchGenetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Extreme Spindles: Correlation of Electroencephalographic Sleep Pattern with Mental Retardation

Gibbs, Erna L., Gibbs, Frederic A.·1962·Science

Abstract

An electroencephalographic abnormality is described which is relatively common among children below 12 years of age who are mentally retarded. This pattern consists of exaggerated sleep spindles, which are of higher voltage and more continuously present than in normal persons, and it correlates specifically with mental retardation and not with epilepsy or cerebral palsy.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1126/science.138.3545.1106

Cites

5 of 5 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Abnormally large spindles or absence of spindles were observed in mentally retarded and dyslexic children.

    “Abnormally large spindles or the absence of spindles were observed in mentally retarded and dyslexic children (93,148,400,455,456,1070,1071).”

    From About Sleep's Role in Memory (2013) · cites this paper as [455]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Gibbs, E. L., & Gibbs, F. A.
Affiliations
University of Illinois Chicago (US)
Venue
Science
Published
1962-12-07
Volume
138
Issue
3545
Pages
1106-1107
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
OpenAlex
W2066044535
Cited by
86
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 1
FWCI
4.30
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Down syndrome and intellectual disability research
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Keywords
sleep spindles, EEG abnormalities, intellectual disability, children, sleep EEG, epilepsy, cerebral palsy
MeSH terms
Cerebral Palsy, Child, Electroencephalography, Epilepsy, Female, Humans, Male, Intellectual Disability, Sleep

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review