The DOI matches its Crossref record; 22 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Synaptic Vesicles: Selective Depletion in Crayfish Excitatory and Inhibitory Axons
Abstract
Stimulation of the excitatory axon of the opener muscle of the crayfish in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor 2,4-dinitrophenol leads to depletion of synaptic vesicles in nerve terminals containing round vesicles. Stimulation of the inhibitory axon under these conditions produces depletion of vesicles in other nerve terminals containing more elongate synaptic vesicles. The experiments show that terminals with round synaptic vesicles are excitatory and that terminals with elongate synaptic vesicles are inhibitory. Replenishment of synaptic vesicles appears to require metabolic energy.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In vertebrate EM datasets, human annotators can see differences in the vesicles for excitatory and inhibitory synapses.16,35,36,37,109,110”
From Neurotransmitter classification from electron microscopy images at synaptic sites in Drosophila melanogaster (2024) · cites this paper as [35]
Citations
Cites
A Physiological Solution for Freshwater Crustaceans
Harreveld, A. V. (1936) · Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.3181/00379727-34-8647c · Cited by 1,065
REVERSIBLE INHIBITION OF THE COUPLING BETWEEN PHOSPHORYLATION AND OXIDATION
Loomis, W. F., & Lipmann, F. A. (1948) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)57455-x · Cited by 656
Presynaptic inhibition at the crayfish neuromuscular junction
Dudél, J., & Kuffler, S. W. (1961) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1961.sp006646 · Cited by 461
The effect on crayfish muscle of iontophoretically applied glutamate
Takeuchi, A., & Takeuchi, N. (1964) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1964.sp007332 · Cited by 418
Energy‐Linked Ion Movements in Mitochondrial Systems
Lehninger, A. L., Carafoli, E., & Rossi, C. S. (1967) · Advances in enzymology and related areas of molecular biology/Advances in enzymology and related subjects · doi:10.1002/9780470122747.ch6 · Cited by 401
Dudél, J., & Kuffler, S. W. (1961) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1961.sp006644 · Cited by 328
Regeneration in Crustacean Motoneurons: Evidence for Axonal Fusion
Hoy, R. R., Bittner, G. D., & Kennedy, D. (1967) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.156.3772.251 · Cited by 219
Differentiation of Nerve Terminals in the Crayfish Opener Muscle and Its Functional Significance
Bittner, G. D. (1968) · The Journal of General Physiology · doi:10.1085/jgp.51.6.731 · Cited by 201
Stimulation-Dependent Alterations in Peroxidase Uptake at Lobster Neuromuscular Junctions
Holtzman, E., Freeman, A. R., & Kashner, L. A. (1971) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.173.3998.733 · Cited by 198
Evidence for the vesicle hypothesis
Hubbard, J. I., & Kwanbunbumpen, S. (1968) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1968.sp008415 · Cited by 145
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 4
- BIRKS, R.I., EFFECTS OF STIMULATION ON SYNAPTIC VESICLES IN SYMPATHETIC GANGLIA, AS SHOWN BY FIXATION IN PRESENCE OF MG2+, JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON 216: P26 (1971).
- JONES, S.F., ON ROLE OF SYNAPTIC VESICLES IN TRANSMITTER RELEASE, LIFE SCIENCES PART 1 PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY AND PART 2 BIOCHEMISTRY GENERAL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 7: 1251 (1968).
- SLATER, E.C., METABOLIC INHIBITORS: 503 (1963).
- WIERSMA, CAG, PHYSIOLOGY CRUSTACEA 2: 205 (1961).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Heuser, J. E., & Reese, T. S. (1973) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.57.2.315 · Cited by 2,147
TURNOVER OF TRANSMITTER AND SYNAPTIC VESICLES AT THE FROG NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION
Ceccarelli, B., Hurlbut, W. P., & Mauro, A. (1973) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.57.2.499 · Cited by 837
Diversification of synaptic strength: presynaptic elements
Atwood, H. L., & Karunanithi, S. (2002) · Nature reviews. Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn876 · Cited by 346
Self-citationOrganization and synaptic physiology of crustacean neuromuscular systems
Atwood, H. L. (1976) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/0301-0082(76)90009-5 · Cited by 315
Self-citationEckstein, N., Bates, A. S., Champion, A., Du, M., Yin, Y., Schlegel, P., Lu, A. K.-Y., Rymer, T., Finley-May, S., Paterson, T., et al. (2024) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2024.03.016 · Cited by 277
“Among clear core vesicle, human experts can distinguish excitatory and inhibitory transmitters by how elliptical their synaptic vesicles are (Tao et al., 2018; Atwood et al., 1972; Uchizono, 1965), though they have not yet to our knowledge been automatically predicted at scale in these species.”
The GTPase Rab26 links synaptic vesicles to the autophagy pathway
Binotti, B., Pavlos, N. J., Riedel, D., Wenzel, D., Vorbrüggen, G., Schalk, A. M., Kühnel, K., Boyken, J., Erck, C., Martens, H., et al. (2015) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.05597 · Cited by 199
Vesicle recycling and transmitter release
Zimmermann, H. (1979) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(79)90058-7 · Cited by 196
The origin and fate of secretory packages, especially synaptic vesicles
Holtzman, E. J. (1977) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(77)90001-x · Cited by 175
THREE-DIMENSIONAL ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE CRAYFISH NEUROMUSCULAR APPARATUS
Jahromi, S. S., & Atwood, H. L. (1974) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.63.2.599 · Cited by 164
Self-citationFine structure of the synaptic endings on the Mauthner cell of the goldfish
Nakajima, Y. (1974) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901560402 · Cited by 162
Zimmermann, H., & Denston, C. R. (1977) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(77)90024-0 · Cited by 138
Partlow, G. D., Colonnier, M., & Szabo, J. (1977) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901710302 · Cited by 133
SYNAPTIC VESICLE DEPLETION AND RECOVERY IN CAT SYMPATHETIC GANGLIA ELECTRICALLY STIMULATED IN VIVO
Pysh, J. J., & Wiley, R. G. (1974) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.60.2.365 · Cited by 132
Eckstein, N., Bates, A. S., Champion, A., Du, M., Yin, Y., Schlegel, P., Lu, A. K.-Y., Rymer, T., Finley-May, S., Paterson, T., et al. (2020) · doi:10.1101/2020.06.12.148775 · Cited by 115
Depletion of vesicles and fatigue of transmission at a vertebrate central synapse
Model, P. G., Highstein, S. M., & Bennett, M. V. L. (1975) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(75)90002-5 · Cited by 113
Organization of Invertebrate Motor Systems
Kennedy, D., & Davis, W. J. (1977) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.cp010127 · Cited by 111
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY OF SYNAPTIC VESICLE CYCLING
von Gersdorff, H., & Matthews, G. (1999) · Annual Review of Physiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.61.1.725 · Cited by 102
Synapses and Neurotransmitters
Atwood, H. L. (1982) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-106403-7.50012-4 · Cited by 100
Self-citationThe ultrastructure of identified locust motor neurones and their synaptic relationships
Watson, A. H. D., & Burrows, M. (1982) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902050407 · Cited by 92
Heuser, J. E., & Reese, T. S. (1977) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.cp010108 · Cited by 94
Synaptic Physiology and Mitochondrial Function in Crayfish Tonic and Phasic Motor Neurons
Nguyen, P., Marin, L., & Atwood, H. L. (1997) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1997.78.1.281 · Cited by 87
Self-citationTisdale, A. D., & Nakajima, Y. (1976) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901650306 · Cited by 87
Bradacs, H., Cooper, R. L., Msghina, M., & Atwood, H. L. (1997) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.200.4.677 · Cited by 86
Self-citationJunctional Transmission II. Presynaptic Mechanisms
Martin, A. R. (1977) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.cp010110 · Cited by 84
Presynaptic mitochondria and the temporal pattern of neurotransmitter release
Brodin, L., Bakeeva, L. E., & Shupliakov, O. (1999) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.1999.0388 · Cited by 78
ATP Is Required at an Early Step in Compensatory Endocytosis in Synaptic Terminals
Heidelberger, R. (2001) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-17-06467.2001 · Cited by 75
Synaptic patterns in the visual cortex of turtle: An electron microscopic study
Ebner, F. F., & Colonnier, M. (1975) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901600105 · Cited by 74
Vrensen, G. F. J. M., & Groot, D. D. (1974) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(74)90551-4 · Cited by 71
The thalamocortical projection in Pseudemys turtles: A quantitative electron microscopic study
Smith, L. M., Ebner, F. F., & Colonnier, M. (1980) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901900304 · Cited by 72
Govind, C. K., & Chiang, R. G. (1979) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(79)90669-3 · Cited by 69
Watson, A. H. D. (1988) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/0306-4522(88)90125-x · Cited by 62
Korneliussen, H. (1972) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1007/bf01099939 · Cited by 61
The innervation pattern of crustacean skeletal muscle
Florey, E., & Cahill, M. (1982) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/bf00213750 · Cited by 61
Nakajima, Y., & Reese, T. S. (1983) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902130106 · Cited by 57
The fine structure of identified frog neuromuscular junctions in relation to synaptic activity
Rose, S. J., Pappas, G. D., & Kriebel, M. E. (1978) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(78)90151-8 · Cited by 56
Morphometric analysis of hypoxia-induced synaptic activity in intrapulmonary neuroepithelial bodies
Lauweryns, J. M., & Lommel, A. V. (1982) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/bf00217094 · Cited by 55
Synaptic development in the crayfish opener muscle
Atwood, H. L., & Kwan, I. (1976) · Journal of Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/neu.480070403 · Cited by 55
Self-citationBlanton, M. G., Shen, J. M., & Kriegstein, A. R. (1987) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902590208 · Cited by 53
“Strong” and “weak” synaptic differentiation in the crayfish opener muscle: Structural correlates
Govind, C. K., Pearce, J., Wojtowicz, J. M., & Atwood, H. L. (1994) · Synapse · doi:10.1002/syn.890160106 · Cited by 53
Self-citationRheuben, M. (1985) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.05-07-01704.1985 · Cited by 53
Cellular and synaptic organization in the lamina of the dragon-fly Sympetrum rubicundulum
Armett‐Kibel, C., Meinertzhagen, I. A., & Dowling, J. E. (1977) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.1977.0047 · Cited by 46
DEVELOPMENT OF ASYMMETRY IN THE NEUROMUSCULAR SYSTEM OF LOBSTER CLAWS
Govind, C. K. (1984) · Biological Bulletin · doi:10.2307/1541340 · Cited by 46
Govind, C. K., & Pearce, J. (1981) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7233240 · Cited by 44
Intramembranous organization of lobster excitatory neuromuscular synapses
Pearce, J., Govind, C. K., & Shivers, R. R. (1986) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1007/bf01611660 · Cited by 44
Unmyelinated axons of the auditory nerve in cats
Ryugo, D. K., Dodds, L. W., Benson, T. E., & Kiang, N. Y.-S. (1991) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.903080208 · Cited by 43
Cellular bases of activity‐dependent paralysis in Drosophila stress‐sensitive mutants
Trotta, N., Rodesch, C. K., Fergestad, T., & Broadie, K. S. (2004) · Journal of Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/neu.20017 · Cited by 42
Synaptic changes in frog brain after stimulation with potassium chloride
Harreveld, A. V., & Trubatch, J. (1975) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1007/bf01099093 · Cited by 41
Synaptic plasticity in the medial superior olive of hearing, deaf, and cochlear‐implanted cats
Tirko, N. N., & Ryugo, D. K. (2012) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.23038 · Cited by 40
Tremblay, J. P., Laurie, R. E., & Colonnier, M. (1983) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/0165-0173(83)90009-7 · Cited by 38
Lang, F., & Atwood, H. L. (1973) · American Zoologist · doi:10.1093/icb/13.2.337 · Cited by 38
Self-citationWatson, A. H. D., & Burrows, M. (1988) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902720411 · Cited by 37
Ultrastructure of nerve terminals and muscle fibers in denervated crayfish muscle
Atwood, H. L., Govind, C. K., & Bittner, G. D. (1973) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/bf00307344 · Cited by 37
Self-citationChristensen, B. N., & Ebner, F. F. (1978) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1007/bf01213459 · Cited by 36
Excitatory synapses of blue crab gastric mill muscles
Atwood, H. L., Govind, C. K., & Jahromi, S. S. (1977) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/bf00221078 · Cited by 35
Self-citationPresynaptic Inhibition at Inhibitory Nerve Terminals. A New Synapse in the Crayfish Stretch Receptor
Nakajima, Y., Tisdale, A. D., & Henkart, M. P. (1973) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.70.8.2462 · Cited by 35
Shupliakov, O., Atwood, H., Ottersen, O. P., Storm‐Mathisen, J., & Brodin, L. (1995) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.15-11-07168.1995 · Cited by 34
Self-citationA quantitative study of synaptic patterns in turtle visual cortex
Ebner, F. F., & Colonnier, M. (1978) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901790203 · Cited by 33
Osmium-zinc iodide staining and the quantitative study of central synapses
Vrensen, G. F. J. M., & Groot, D. D. (1974) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(74)90116-4 · Cited by 33
Govind, C. K., Atwood, H. L., & Pearce, J. (1995) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.903510313 · Cited by 31
Self-citationCastillo, J. D., & Pumplin, D. W. (1975) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1975.sp011154 · Cited by 30
Comparison of fast and slow synaptic terminals in lobster muscle
Hill, R. H., & Govind, C. K. (1981) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/bf00216734 · Cited by 30
Reorganization of synaptic ultrastructure at facilitated lobster neuromuscular terminals
Chiang, R. G., & Govind, C. K. (1986) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1007/bf02057905 · Cited by 29
Fritz, L. C., Atwood, H. L., & Jahromi, S. S. (1980) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1007/bf01205034 · Cited by 26
Self-citationA quantitative electron microscopic study of atypical structures in normal human cerebral cortex
Rees, S. M. (1975) · Anatomy and Embryology · doi:10.1007/bf00319849 · Cited by 26
Growth-related features of lobster neuromuscular terminals
Pearce, J., Govind, C. K., & Meiss, D. E. (1985) · Developmental Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0165-3806(85)90210-x · Cited by 26
Hirosawa, K., Tao-Cheng, J.-H., Nakajima, Y., & Tisdale, A. D. (1981) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902000104 · Cited by 26
Gillette, R., & Pomeranz, B. H. (1975) · Journal of Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/neu.480060504 · Cited by 25
Lane, N. J., & Swales, L. S. (1976) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.22.2.435 · Cited by 24
Stress protein synthesis by crayfish CNS tissue in vitro
Rochelle, J. M., Grossfeld, R. M., Bunting, D. L., Tytell, M., Dwyer, B. E., & Xue, Z.-Y. (1991) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/bf00974871 · Cited by 24
Synaptic ultrastructure in the tangential nucleus of the goldfish (Carassius auratus)
Hinojosa, R. (1973) · American Journal of Anatomy · doi:10.1002/aja.1001370204 · Cited by 23
Synaptic strength and horseradish peroxidase uptake in crayfish nerve terminals
Thompson, C. S., & Atwood, H. L. (1984) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1007/bf01148119 · Cited by 23
Self-citationPresynaptic inhibition in the crayfish brain
Wang‐Bennett, L. T., & Glantz, R. M. (1985) · Journal of Comparative Physiology A · doi:10.1007/bf00619110 · Cited by 23
The action of oxygen and oxygen at high pressure on inhibitory transmission
Colton, C. A., & Colton, J. S. (1986) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(86)90995-9 · Cited by 21
Development of excitatory innervation in the lobster claw closer muscle
King, J. A., & Govind, C. K. (1980) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901940104 · Cited by 21
Morphology and Electrochemistry of Insect Muscle Fibre Membrane
Piek, T., & Njio, K. D. (1979) · Advances in insect physiology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2806(08)60053-3 · Cited by 20
Wiley, R. G., Spencer, C., & Pysh, J. J. (1987) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1007/bf01611347 · Cited by 20
Cellular neurophysiological effects of phenol derivatives
Kaila, K. (1982) · Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C Comparative Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/0306-4492(82)90115-0 · Cited by 19
Buckley, K. M., & Landis, S. C. (1983) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1007/bf01148089 · Cited by 19
Meiss, D. E., & Govind, C. K. (1980) · Journal of Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/neu.480110405 · Cited by 19
The emergence of inhibition in the chick embryo spinal cord
Stokes, B. T., & Bignall, K. E. (1974) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(74)90787-2 · Cited by 18
Komuro, T. (1981) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1007/bf01181743 · Cited by 17
Atwood, H. L., & Nguyen, P. (1995) · American Zoologist · doi:10.1093/icb/35.1.28 · Cited by 16
Self-citationRastad, J. (1981) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00238897 · Cited by 16
Ultrastructural morphology of axon terminals of an inhibitory spinal interneurone in the cat
Rastad, J. (1981) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(81)91154-9 · Cited by 15
Extracellular ATP modulates calcium uptake and transmitter release at the neuromuscular junction
Lindgren, C. A., & Smith, D. A. S. (1987) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.07-05-01567.1987 · Cited by 14
Innervation of muscle in the cestode Hymenolepis microstoma
Webb, R. A. (1987) · Canadian Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1139/z87-147 · Cited by 14
Reduced Energy Utilization in the Brain is a Feature of an Animal Model of Fatigue
Tanaka, M., & Watanabe, Y. (2008) · International Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/00207450701242974 · Cited by 13
Morphology of Invertebrate Neurons and Synapses
Meinertzhagen, I. A. (2017) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190456757.013.9 · Cited by 14
Innervation of the limb accessory flexor muscle in several decapod crustaceans. I. Anatomy
Govind, C. K., & Wiens, T. J. (1985) · Journal of Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/neu.480160406 · Cited by 13
Localization of nicotinic receptor subunit mRNAs in monkey brain by in situ hybridization
Quik, M., Polonskaya, Y., Gillespie, A. J., Jakowec, M. W., Lloyd, G. K., & Langston, J. W. (2000) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/1096-9861(20000911)425:1 · Cited by 172
The effect of nerve activity on the distribution of synaptic vesicles
Maler, L., & Mathieson, W. B. (1985) · Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/bf00755402 · Cited by 13
The fine structure of the brain of Gastrocotyle trachuri (Monogenea: Platyhebninthes)
Shaw, M. K. (1982) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/bf00218372 · Cited by 13
Highly active neuromuscular system in developing lobsters with programmed obsolescence
Govind, C. K., Kirk, M. D., & Pearce, J. (1988) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902720311 · Cited by 13
Early innervation of abdominal swimmeret muscles in developing lobsters
Kirk, M. D., & Govind, C. K. (1992) · Journal of Experimental Zoology · doi:10.1002/jez.1402610309 · Cited by 13
Polyneuronal innervation of an adult and embryonic lobster muscle
Govind, C. K., Stephens, P. J., & Eisen, J. S. (1985) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.87.1.13 · Cited by 13
Stimulation-induced changes at crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) neuromuscular terminals
Mearow, K. M., & Govind, C. K. (1989) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/bf00224725 · Cited by 13
Kershaw, P., & Christensen, B. N. (1980) · Journal of Neurocytology · doi:10.1007/bf01205231 · Cited by 12
Ultrastructure of neuromuscular junctions in Limulus heart
Lang, F. (1972) · Cell and Tissue Research · doi:10.1007/bf00307002 · Cited by 12
Self-citationChiang, R. G., & Govind, C. K. (1984) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(84)90708-x · Cited by 12
Hawkins, W. E., & Howse, H. D. (1978) · Transactions of the American Microscopical Society · doi:10.2307/3225989 · Cited by 12
Metadata
- Authors
- Atwood, H. L., Lang, F., & Morin, W. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Department of Biology, State College, Bridgewater, Massachusetts 02324
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1972-06-23
- Volume
- 176
- Issue
- 4041
- Pages
- 1353-1355
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2011090228
- Cited by
- 147
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 4.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Extracellular vesicles in disease
- Keywords
- synaptic vesicles, vesicle depletion, 2,4-dinitrophenol, presynaptic terminals, vesicle morphology, synaptic vesicle replenishment, metabolic energy, neuromuscular junction
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Axons, Astacoidea, Dinitrophenols, Electric Stimulation, Electrophysiology, Membrane Potentials, Microelectrodes, Microscopy, Electron, Synapses, Synaptic Vesicles
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review