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Cited by 268

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Environmental Component of Morphological Differentiation in Birds

James, Frances C.·1983·Science

Abstract

Geographic character variation in birds is usually attributed to natural selection for phenotypes that reflect locally adapted genetic differences. However, experimental transplants of red-winged blackbird eggs between nests in northern and southern Florida, and from Colorado to Minnesota, show that in this species a significant proportion of the regional differences in nestling development is nongenetic. If natural selection is maintaining the clines of character variation that are observed in adult phenotypes, the genetic and nongenetic components of phenotypic variation must covary.

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Metadata

Authors
James, F. C.
Venue
Science
Published
1983-07-08
Volume
221
Issue
4606
Pages
184-186
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
OpenAlex
W2031956662
Cited by
268
References
0
FWCI
14.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Environmental Component of Morphological Differentiation in Birds. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.221.4606.184
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James, F. C. (1983). Environmental Component of Morphological Differentiation in Birds. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.221.4606.184

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.