Systems for Identifying New Drugs Are Often Faulty

Limitations of Animal Studies for Predicting Toxicity in Clinical Trials

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Apoptosis, p53, and tumor cell sensitivity to anticancer agents.

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Contributions of Human Tumor Xenografts to Anticancer Drug Development

Sausville, E. A., & Burger, A. M. (2006) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-3627 · Cited by 348 · see citing works

3D Bioprinting of Tissue/Organ Models

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3D Cell Printing of Perfusable Vascularized Human Skin Equivalent Composed of Epidermis, Dermis, and Hypodermis for Better Structural Recapitulation of Native Skin

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Systematic reviews of animal models: methodology versus epistemology

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Anticancer Agents Targeting Signaling Molecules and Cancer Cell Environment: Challenges for Drug Development?

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The Ability to Form Primary Tumor Xenografts Is Predictive of Increased Risk of Disease Recurrence in Early-Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

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New Insights into Toxicity and Drug Testing

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Discovering novel chemotherapeutic drugs for the third millennium

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Mouse models in oncogenesis and cancer therapy

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Predicting the active doses in humans from animal studies: A novel approach in oncology

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Genome sequencing in the clinic: the past, present, and future of genomic medicine

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The role of radiation-induced apoptosis as a determinant of tumor responses to radiation therapy

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The Importance of Mimicking Dermal-Epidermal Junction for Skin Tissue Engineering: A Review

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The Nuremberg Code subverts human health and safety by requiring animal modeling

Greek, R., Pippus, A., & Hansen, L. A. (2012) · BMC Medical Ethics · doi:10.1186/1472-6939-13-16 · Cited by 78 · see citing works

High-throughput screening

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Human prolactin receptors are insensitive to mouse prolactin: implications for xenotransplant modeling of human breast cancer in mice

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Animal models of soft-tissue sarcoma

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Radiosensitization by SAHA in Experimental Colorectal Carcinoma Models—In Vivo Effects and Relevance of Histone Acetylation Status

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Inhibitory Effect of Antagonists of Bombesin and Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone on Orthotopic and Intraosseous Growth and Invasiveness of PC-3 Human Prostate Cancer in Nude Mice

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Vascularized 3D Human Skin Models in the Forefront of Dermatological Research

Rimal, R., Muduli, S., Desai, P., Marquez, A. B., Möller, M., Platzman, I., Spatz, J., & Singh, S. (2024) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.202303351 · Cited by 46 · see citing works

Animal models and conserved processes

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Tissue engineered tumor models

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Questions regarding the predictive value of one evolved complex adaptive system for a second: Exemplified by the SOD1 mouse

Greek, R., & Hansen, L. A. (2013) · Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2013.06.002 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

The History and Implications of Testing Thalidomide on Animals

Greek, R., Shanks, N., & Rice, M. J. (2011) · The Journal of Philosophy Science & Law · doi:10.5840/jpsl20111133 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

Preclinical Screening for New Anticancer Agents

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Animal Models in an Age of Personalized Medicine

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Expression of Mouse Sialic Acid on Gangliosides of a Human Glioma Grown as a Xenograft in SCID Mice

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A new mouse model for evaluating the immunotherapy of human colorectal cancer.

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Animal Models in Drug Development

Greek, R. (2013) · InTech eBooks · doi:10.5772/53893 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Immunological responses can have both pro- and antitumour effects: implications for immunotherapy

Stewart, T. J., Greeneltch, K. M., Lutsiak, M. E. C., & Abrams, S. I. (2007) · Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1017/s1462399407000233 · Cited by 21 · see citing works

Controlling Tissue Microenvironments: Biomimetics, Transport Phenomena, and Reacting Systems

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From Reductionism to Holism: Systems-oriented Approaches in Cancer Research

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Animal Models and the Development of an HIV Vaccine

Greek, R. (2012) · Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research · doi:10.4172/2155-6113.s8-001 · Cited by 17 · see citing works

Evaluation of anti-tumorigenic activity of BP3B against colon cancer with patient-derived tumor xenograft model

Kim, H.-Y., Kim, J., Thi, H. T. H., Bang, O., Lee, W. S., & Hong, S. (2016) · BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1447-8 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Human Stakeholders and the Use of Animals in Drug Development

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A Review of the Institute of Medicine’s Analysis of using Chimpanzees in Biomedical Research

Jones, R. C., & Greek, R. (2013) · Science and Engineering Ethics · doi:10.1007/s11948-013-9442-7 · Cited by 14 · see citing works

Human Tumor Xenograft Efficacy Models

Liu, M., & Hicklin, D. J. (2010) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-968-0_5 · Cited by 13 · see citing works

Antibody targeting studies in a transgenic murine model of spontaneous colorectal tumors

Wilkinson, R. W., Ross, E. L., Poulsom, R., Ilyas, M., Straub, J., Snary, D., Bodmer, W. F., & Mather, S. J. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.181353498 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

The Development of Deep Brain Stimulation for Movement Disorders

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Models for Evaluation of Targeted Therapies of Metastatic Disease

Eccles, S. A. (2002) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-100-8_17 · Cited by 10 · see citing works

The Strengths and Limits of Animal Models as Illustrated by the Discovery and Development of Antibacterials

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Preclinical Screening for New Anticancer Agents

Burger, A. M., & Fiebig, H. (2004) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-734-5_2 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Comparison of Dog and Pig Models for Testing Substernal Cardiac Compression Devices

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The Ethical Implications for Humans in Light of the Poor Predictive Value of Animal Models

Greek, R. (2014) · International Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.4236/ijcm.2014.516129 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Does Apoptosis Contribute to Tumor Cell Sensitivity to Anticancer Agents?

Brown, J. M., & Wouters, B. G. (1999) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-720-8_1 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

Abstract 3193: Treatment of high Trop-2-expressing triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with sacituzumab govitecan (IMMU-132) overcomes homologous recombination repair (HRR) rescue mediated by Rad51

Cardillo, T. M., Mostafa, A. A., Rossi, D. L., Liu, D., Chang, C., Sharkey, R. M., & Goldenberg, D. M. (2017) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-3193 · Cited by 8 · see citing works

An Overview of Cancer

Sucharitha, A. (2023) · doi:10.23880/accp-16000102 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Revisiting colorectal cancer animal model – An improved metastatic model for distal rectosigmoid colon carcinoma

Oliveira, R. C., Gomes, M. A., Abrantes, A. M., Tavares-da-Silva, E., Oliveira, M. C., Laranjo, M., Queiros, D., Casalta‐Lopes, J., Pires, A. S., Carvalho, L., et al. (2018) · Pathophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.pathophys.2018.02.002 · Cited by 7 · see citing works

Molecular Biology to Radiation Oncology: A Model for Translational Research? Opportunities in Basic and Translational Research From a Workshop Sponsored by the National Cancer Institure, Radiation Research Program, January 26-28, 1997, Bethesda, Maryland

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Preclinical Drug Development

Takimoto, C. H. M., & Wick, M. J. (2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012369417-1/50069-9 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

A Novel Animal Model for the Evaluation of the Efficacy of Drugs Directed Against the ErbB2 Receptor on Metastasis Formation

Maurer-Gebhard, M., Schmidt, M., Azémar, M., Stöcklin, E., Wels, W. S., & Groner, B. (1999) · Hybridoma · doi:10.1089/hyb.1999.18.69 · Cited by 6 · see citing works

Cellular memory function from 3D to 2D: Three-dimensional high density collagen microfiber cultures induce their resistance to reactive oxygen species

YAMADA, A., Kitano, S., & Matsusaki, M. (2024) · Materials Today Bio · doi:10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101097 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

How and Why to Apply the Latest Technology*

Czarnik, A. W., & Mei, H. (2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b0-08-045044-x/00048-1 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Mouse models for generating P53 gene mutation spectra

Zielinski, B., Liu, Z., Hollstein, M. C., Hergenhahn, M., & Luo, J. (2002) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(02)00160-1 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

Evaluation the multi-organs toxicity of methamphetamine (METH) in rats

Ahmadi, I., & Foruozandeh, H. (2019) · Annales de Toxicologie Analytique · doi:10.1016/j.toxac.2019.07.007 · Cited by 5 · see citing works

The development of molecularly targeted anticancer therapies: an Eli Lilly and Company perspective.

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Differential cytostatic effect of sodium salicylate in human colorectal cancers using an individualized histoculture system

Liu, Y., Eu, K. W., Seow‐Choen, F., & Cheah, P. Y. (2002) · Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00280-002-0441-7 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Evaluation of Near Infrared Dyes as Markers of P-Glycoprotein Activity in Tumors

Semenenko, I., Portnoy, E., Aboukaoud, M., Guzy, S., Shmuel, M., Itzhak, G., & Eyal, S. (2016) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2016.00426 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Emerging Molecular Therapies

Baird, R. D., & Workman, P. (2004) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-664-5_18 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Lead validation platforms

Persidis, A. (1998) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt0198-100 · Cited by 4 · see citing works

Use of new cancer drugs in India

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A Discussion of the Role of Complex Evolved Systems in the Development of Invasive Cardiovascular Interventions as Illustrated by the Blalock- Taussig Shunt and Intra-Arterial Stents

Greek, R. (2014) · Biological Systems Open Access · doi:10.4172/2329-6577.1000124 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

The Use of Pediatric Patient-Derived Xenografts for Identifying Novel Agents and Combinations

Kurmasheva, R. T., & Houghton, P. J. (2017) · Molecular and translational medicine · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-57424-0_11 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Non-Clinical Drug Development

Takimoto, C. H. M., & Wick, M. J. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-385471-1.00031-3 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Magnetic Resonance Colonography Enables the Efficacy Assessment of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in an Orthotopic Colorectal Cancer Mouse Model

Chae, Y. J., Kim, J.-I., Heo, H., Woo, C., Kim, S., Kim, M. J., Choi, J. R., Kim, D. H., Woo, D., Kim, K. W., et al. (2019) · Translational Oncology · doi:10.1016/j.tranon.2019.06.006 · Cited by 3 · see citing works

Models for Evaluation of Targeted Therapies of Invasive and Metastatic Disease

Eccles, S. A. (2010) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-60761-968-0_19 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

3D‐Biodruck von Gewebe‐ und Organmodellen

Pati, F., Gantelius, J., & Svahn, H. A. (2016) · Angewandte Chemie · doi:10.1002/ange.201505062 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Biology meets drug development : the biography of a 'miracle' drug, the interferons

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Assessment of liquid-cell membrane mass transfer resistance on growth kinetics in cell culture analog bioreactors

Taylor, D. E., & Fisher, R. J. (2003) · IEEE Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference (NEBEC) · doi:10.1109/nebc.1999.755756 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Multidrug resistance in solid tumours

Nicolantonio, F. D. (2004) · OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique) · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Animal Surrogate Systems

Harris, S. (2016) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781420003871-12 · Cited by 2 · see citing works

Monotherapy cancer drug-blind response prediction is limited to intraclass generalization

Herbert, W. G., Chia, N., Jensen, P. A., & Walther-Antonio, M. R. S. (2026) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013232 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Animal Surrogate Systems

Shuler, M. L. (1999) · The electrical engineering handbook/Electrical engineering handbook series/Electrical engineering handbook · doi:10.1201/9781420049510.ch97 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Biomimetic Systems

Fisher, R. J. (2012) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b12937-2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Nonclinical drug development

Takimoto, C. H. M., Wick, M. J., Agoram, B. M., & Jin, D. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819869-8.00031-8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Potential Advantages of Using Biomimetic Alternatives

Davies, J. A. (2012) · doi:10.1002/9781119940685.ch1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Patients Are Not Rodents Writ Large

Greek, R. (2011) · The American Journal of the Medical Sciences · doi:10.1097/maj.0b013e3182323f78 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Emerging Molecular Therapies

Workman, P. (2000) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-222-7_17 · Cited by 1 · see citing works

Effects of a novel anticancer agent on ras- and src- transformed 10T 1/2 Cells

Giltnane, J. M. (1999)

Animals and Medicine Do Animal Experiments Predict Human Responses

Shank, N., Greek, R. Y., & Greek, J. (2007)

Editor's Forum

Byrne, P. (2006)

Characterization of a new miniaturized hollow-fiber bioreactor for cultivation of cell lines and primary cells to improve cytostatic drug testing in vitro

Gloeckner, H. (2001)

A Transgenic Zebrafish Model of Signaling Through Toll-Like Receptors

Elsberry, D. (2014) · J. Willard Marriott Library · doi:10.26053/0h-ekqw-xxg0

Ethics and Evidence Regarding Animal Subjects Research: Splitting Hares–or Swallowing Camels?

Norman, G. A. V. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-15949-2_17

Experimental Radiosensitization and Molecular Prediction of Chemoradiotherapy Response in Rectal Cancer

Folkvord, S. (2009) · NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives

Biomimetic Systems

Fisher, R. J. (1999) · The electrical engineering handbook/Electrical engineering handbook series/Electrical engineering handbook · doi:10.1201/9781420049510.ch95

Lead validation platforms

(2000) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/80088

Animal Surrogate Systems

Shuler, M. L., Harris, S., Li, X., & Esch, M. B. (2012) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/b12937-6

Guidance for Adolescents in Kota Atas Sabang Neighborhood Regarding the Dangers of Drug Abuse

Khalis, M. (2023) · International Journal Education and Computer Studies (IJECS) · doi:10.35870/ijecs.v3i1.1801

Translating Preclinical Studies into the Clinic: Assays and Endpoints Selected to Determine Efficacy

Horsman, M. R., & Siemann, D. W. (2025) · Molecular Cancer Therapeutics · doi:10.1158/1535-7163.mct-25-0739

Human Tumor Xenografts as Predictive Preclinical Models for Anticancer Drug Activity in Humans: Better than Commonly Perceived—But They Can Be Improved

Kerbel, R. S. (2003) · Cancer Biology & Therapy · doi:10.4161/cbt.213 · Cited by 324 · see citing works

Contributions of Human Tumor Xenografts to Anticancer Drug Development

Sausville, E. A., & Burger, A. M. (2006) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-05-3627 · Cited by 348 · see citing works

The mighty mouse: genetically engineered mouse models in cancer drug development

Sharpless, N. E., & DePinho, R. A. (2006) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd2110 · Cited by 660 · see citing works

Modeling human tumors—an imperfect art

Kiberstis, P. A. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.358.6364.759-d

From Human to Mouse and Back: 'Tumorgraft' Models Surge in Popularity

Garber, K. (2008) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/djn481 · Cited by 132 · see citing works