The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Protecting Communities in Biomedical Research
Abstract
Although for the last 50 years, ethicists dealing with human experimentation have focused primarily on the need to protect individual research subjects and vulnerable groups, biomedical research, especially in genetics, now requires the establishment of standards for the protection of communities. We have developed such a strategy, based on five steps. (i) Identification of community characteristics relevant to the biomedical research setting, (ii) delineation of a typology of different types of communities using these characteristics, (iii) determination of the range of possible community protections, (iv) creation of connections between particular protections and one or more community characteristics necessary for its implementation, and (v) synthesis of community characteristics and possible protections to define protections appropriate for each type of community. Depending on the particular community, consent and consultation, consultation alone, or no added protections may be required for research.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Participatory research with Native Community of Kahnawake creates innovative code of research ethics
Macaulay, A. C., Delormier, T., McComber, A. M., Cross, E. J., Potvin, L. P., Paradis, G., Kirby, R. L., Saad-Haddad, C., & Desrosiers, S. (1998) · Canadian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/bf03404399 · Cited by 174
Cited by
Autonomy and Trust in Bioethics
O'Neill, O. (2002) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511606250 · Cited by 1,202
What Makes Clinical Research in Developing Countries Ethical? The Benchmarks of Ethical Research
Emanuel, E. J., Wendler, D., Killen, J., & Grady, C. (2004) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/381709 · Cited by 966
Self-citationRegistries for Evaluating Patient Outcomes: A User’s Guide
(2020) · doi:10.23970/ahrqepcregistries4 · Cited by 960
Grand Challenges in Global Health: Community Engagement in Research in Developing Countries
Tindana, P. O., Singh, J. A., Tracy, C. S., Upshur, R. E. G., Daar, A. S., Singer, P. A., Frohlich, J., & Lavery, J. V. (2007) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0040273 · Cited by 411
Should donors be allowed to give broad consent to future biobank research?
Hansson, M. G., Dillner, J., Bartram, C. R., Carlson, J. A., & Helgesson, G. (2006) · The Lancet Oncology · doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(06)70618-0 · Cited by 382
Metadata
- Authors
- Weijer, C., & Emanuel, E. J.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2000-08-18
- Volume
- 289
- Issue
- 5482
- Pages
- 1142-1144
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W1498556839
- Cited by
- 288
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 16.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Protecting Communities in Biomedical Research. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.289.5482.1142
- The paper
- Weijer, C., & Emanuel, E. J. (2000). Protecting Communities in Biomedical Research. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.289.5482.1142
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
