The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of HIV-1 Patients with Primary Infection
Abstract
Better characterization of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) in patients with primary infection has important implications for the development of an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) vaccine because vaccine strategies should target viral isolates with the properties of transmitted viruses. In five HIV-1 seroconverters, the viral phenotype was found to be uniformly macrophage-tropic and non-syncytium-inducing. Furthermore, the viruses were genotypically homogeneous within each patient, but a common signature sequence was not discernible among transmitted viruses. In the two cases where the sexual partners were also studied, the sequences of the transmitted viruses matched best with minor variants in the blood of the transmitters. There was also a stronger pressure to conserve sequences in gp120 than in gp41, nef , and p17, suggesting that a selective mechanism is involved in transmission.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Liu, R., Paxton, W. A., Choe, S., Ceradini, D., Martin, S. R., Horuk, R., MacDonald, M. E., Stuhlmann, H., Koup, R. A., & Landau, N. R. (1996) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80110-5 · Cited by 3,074
Self-citationHeinzinger, N. K., Bukinsky, M. I., Haggerty, S. A., Ragland, A. M., Kewalramani, V, Lee, M. A., Gendelman, H. E., Ratner, L., Stevenson, M., & Emerman, M. (1994) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.91.15.7311 · Cited by 854
Genetic Restriction of AIDS Pathogenesis by an SDF-1 Chemokine Gene Variant
Winkler, C., Modi, W., Smith, M. W., Nelson, G. W., Wu, X., Carrington, M., Dean, M., Honjo, T., Tashiro, K., Yabe, D., et al. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.279.5349.389 · Cited by 710
Adaptive Evolution of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Type 1 During the Natural Course of Infection
Wolinsky, S. M., Korber, B. T. M., Neumann, A. U., Daniels, M., Kunstman, K. J., Whetsell, A. J., Furtado, M. R., Cao, Y., Ho, D. D., Safrit, J. T., et al. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.272.5261.537 · Cited by 567
Self-citationRobertson, D. L., Hahn, B. H., & Sharp, P. M. (1995) · Journal of Molecular Evolution · doi:10.1007/bf00163230 · Cited by 423
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhu, T., Mo, H., Wang, N., Nam, D. S., Cao, Y., Koup, R. A., & Ho, D. D.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1993-08-27
- Volume
- 261
- Issue
- 5125
- Pages
- 1179-1181
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2037793240
- Cited by
- 1,249
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 20.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of HIV-1 Patients with Primary Infection. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.8356453
- The paper
- Zhu, T., Mo, H., Wang, N., Nam, D. S., Cao, Y., Koup, R. A., & Ho, D. D. (1993). Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of HIV-1 Patients with Primary Infection. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.8356453
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
