The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Anatomy of STEM teaching in North American universities
Open accessAbstract
Lecture is prominent, but practices vary
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“Although passive lectures are among the least effective modes of instruction, they remain in wide use in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) courses6–8.”
From AI tutoring outperforms in-class active learning: an RCT introducing a novel research-based design in an authentic educational setting (2025) · cites this paper as [7]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“However, given the public university context, which often includes noninteractive, large-enrollment courses, it is difficult to provide first-year students with intimate experiences that inculcate student experiences and traits that lead to improved retention (Stains et al., 2018).”
From Improving Academic Performance and Retention of First-Year Biology Students through a Scalable Peer Mentorship Program (2021) · cites this paper as Stains et al., 2018
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Rather, broad patterns of observations of teaching suggest STEM instructors continue to teach using undisrupted lecture rather than use evidence-based active learning strategies [57].”
From "It let me merge my love of teaching with research": A qualitative investigation of the career pathways of biology education researchers. (2024) · cites this paper as [57]
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Citations
Cites
The Measurement of Observer Agreement for Categorical Data
Landis, J. R., & Koch, G. G. (1977) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2529310 · Cited by 81,148
Active learning increases student performance in science, engineering, and mathematics
Freeman, S., Eddy, S. L., McDonough, M., Smith, M. K., Okoroafor, N., Jordt, H., & Wenderoth, M. P. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1319030111 · Cited by 9,787
Self-citationmclust 5: Clustering, Classification and Density Estimation Using Gaussian Finite Mixture Models
Scrucca, L., Fop, M., Murphy, T. B., & Adrian, E. R. (2016) · The R Journal · doi:10.32614/rj-2016-021 · Cited by 2,914
Singer, S. R., & Smith, K. A. (2013) · Journal of Engineering Education · doi:10.1002/jee.20030 · Cited by 852
Smith, M. K., Jones, F. H. M., Gilbert, S. L., & Wieman, C. (2013) · CBE—Life Sciences Education · doi:10.1187/cbe.13-08-0154 · Cited by 588
Self-citationBorrego, M. J., Froyd, J. E., & Hall, T. S. (2010) · Journal of Engineering Education · doi:10.1002/j.2168-9830.2010.tb01056.x · Cited by 459
Shadle, S. E., Marker, A. W., & Earl, B. (2017) · International Journal of STEM Education · doi:10.1186/s40594-017-0062-7 · Cited by 265
Connell, G. L., Donovan, D. A., & Chambers, T. G. (2016) · CBE—Life Sciences Education · doi:10.1187/cbe.15-03-0062 · Cited by 231
Henderson, C., & Dancy, M. H. (2009) · Physical Review Special Topics - Physics Education Research · doi:10.1103/physrevstper.5.020107 · Cited by 211
Research-Based Implementation of Peer Instruction: A Literature Review
Vickrey, T. L., Rosploch, K., Rahmanian, R., Pilarz, M., & Stains, M. (2015) · CBE—Life Sciences Education · doi:10.1187/cbe.14-11-0198 · Cited by 201
Self-citationWieman, C., & Gilbert, S. L. (2014) · CBE—Life Sciences Education · doi:10.1187/cbe.14-02-0023 · Cited by 181
A Campus-Wide Study of STEM Courses: New Perspectives on Teaching Practices and Perceptions
Smith, M. K., Vinson, E. L., Smith, J. L., Lewin, J. D., & Stetzer, M. R. (2014) · CBE—Life Sciences Education · doi:10.1187/cbe.14-06-0108 · Cited by 139
Self-citationLund, T. J., Pilarz, M., Velasco, J. B., Chakraverty, D., Rosploch, K., Undersander, M. A., & Stains, M. (2015) · CBE—Life Sciences Education · doi:10.1187/cbe.14-10-0168 · Cited by 134
Self-citationEbert‐May, D., Derting, T. L., Henkel, T. P., Maher, J. M., Momsen, J. L., Arnold, B., & Passmore, H. A. (2015) · CBE—Life Sciences Education · doi:10.1187/cbe.14-12-0222 · Cited by 116
Indicators for Monitoring Undergraduate STEM Education
Board on Science Education, Education, D. O. B. A. S. S. A., & National Academies of Sciences, E. (2017) · National Academies Press eBooks · doi:10.17226/24943 · Cited by 103
Macdonald, R. H., Manduca, C. A., Mogk, D. W., & Tewksbury, B. J. (2005) · Journal of Geoscience Education · doi:10.5408/1089-9995-53.3.237 · Cited by 94
Improved initialisation of model-based clustering using Gaussian hierarchical partitions
Scrucca, L., & Raftery, A. E. (2015) · Advances in Data Analysis and Classification · doi:10.1007/s11634-015-0220-z · Cited by 84
The Statistics Teaching Inventory: A Survey on Statistics Teachers' Classroom Practices and Beliefs
Zieffler, A., Park, J., Garfield, J., delMas, R. C., & Björnsdóttir, A. (2012) · Journal of Statistics Education · doi:10.1080/10691898.2012.11889632 · Cited by 61
Akiha, K., Brigham, E., Couch, B. A., Lewin, J. D., Stains, M., Stetzer, M. R., Vinson, E. L., & Smith, M. K. (2018) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2017.00068 · Cited by 49
Self-citationDescribing undergraduate STEM teaching practices: a comparison of instructor self-report instruments
Williams, C. T., Walter, E. M., Henderson, C., & Beach, A. L. (2015) · International Journal of STEM Education · doi:10.1186/s40594-015-0031-y · Cited by 44
Improved initialisation of model-based clustering using Gaussian hierarchical partitionsPreprint
Scrucca, L., & Raftery, A. E. (2015) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1507.07114 · Cited by 3
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- R. Teasdale ., Geoshpere 13, 608 (2017).
- R. S. Moog, J. N. Spencer, A. R. Straumanis, Metrop. Univ. 17, 41 (2006).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Theobald, E. J., Hill, M. J., Tran, E., Agrawal, S., Arroyo, E. N., Behling, S., Chambwe, N., Cintrón, D. L., Cooper, J. D., Dunster, G., et al. (2020) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1916903117 · Cited by 1,387
“The contrast with traditional lecturing is appropriate, as recent research has shown that this approach still dominates undergraduate STEM courses in North America (26).”
Deslauriers, L., McCarty, L. S., Miller, K., Callaghan, K., & Kestin, G. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1821936116 · Cited by 1,371
The Curious Construct of Active Learning
Lombardi, D., Shipley, T. F., Astronomy Team, B. T., Bailey, J. M., Bretones, P. S., Prather, E. E., Ballen, C. J., Knight, J., Smith, M. K., Stowe, R. L., et al. (2021) · Gothic.net · doi:10.1177/1529100620973974 · Cited by 547
Self-citationChange theory and theory of change: what’s the difference anyway?
Reinholz, D. L., & Andrews, T. C. (2020) · International Journal of STEM Education · doi:10.1186/s40594-020-0202-3 · Cited by 342
Instructor strategies to aid implementation of active learning: a systematic literature review
Nguyen, K. A., Borrego, M. J., Finelli, C., DeMonbrun, M., Crockett, C., Tharayil, S., Shekhar, P., Waters, C., & Rosenberg, R. (2021) · International Journal of STEM Education · doi:10.1186/s40594-021-00270-7 · Cited by 249
Metadata
- Authors
- Stains, M., Harshman, J., Barker, M. K., Chasteen, S. V., Cole, R., DeChenne-Peters, S. E., Eagan, M. K., Esson, J. M., Knight, J. K., Laski, F. A., Levis-Fitzgerald, M., Lee, C. J., Lo, S. M., McDonnell, L. M., McKay, T. A., Michelotti, N., Musgrove, A., Palmer, M. S., Plank, K. M., Rodela, T. M., Sanders, E. R., Schimpf, N. G., Schulte, P. M., Smith, M. K., Stetzer, M., Van Valkenburgh, B., Vinson, E., Weir, L. K., Wendel, P. J., Wheeler, L. B., & Young, A. M.
- Affiliations
- The list of author affiliations is provided in the supplementary materials.
- Corresponding author
- Stains, M.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2018-03-30
- Volume
- 359
- Issue
- 6383
- Pages
- 1468-1470
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC6310123
- OpenAlex
- W2794769810
- Cited by
- 772
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 59 · 2025: 78 · 2024: 115 · 2023: 63 · 2022: 106 · 2021: 122 · 2020: 123 · 2019: 80 · 2018: 26
- FWCI
- 285.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Commons - Otterbein (Otterbein University) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R25GM114822)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Science Education and Pedagogy
- Social Sciences › Education › Innovative Teaching Methods
- Social Sciences › Education › Evaluation of Teaching Practices
- Keywords
- STEM education, university teaching, lecture method, teaching practice, North American universities
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