Observation of second sound in graphite at temperatures above 100 K
Open accessAbstract
Graphite gets a second sound: Between the two extremes of ballistic and diffusive lattice thermal transport is the potential for an exotic wave-like state known as second sound. Huberman et al. used fast, transient thermal grating measurements to show the existence of second sound in graphite between 85 and 125 kelvin (see the Perspective by Shi). Previous observations of second sound have been rare, confined to isotopically pure materials at very low temperatures. The observation of second sound in graphite is likely due to its layered nature, suggesting that this thermal transport mode may be accessible in other two-dimensional materials. Science , this issue p. 375 ; see also p. 332
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Prior art on cryogenic TGS investigated thermal, spin, and acoustic transport property evolution in several solid-state materials.
“Separately, prior art on cryogenic TGS investigated thermal [17], spin [18], and acoustic [19, 20] transport property evolution in several solid-state materials [21].”
From A facility for thermo-mechanical characterization of fusion magnet materials during cryogenic ion irradiation (2025) · cites this paper as [20]
Prior art on cryogenic TGS investigated thermal, spin, and acoustic transport property evolution in several solid-state materials.
“Separately, prior art on cryogenic TGS investigated thermal [17], spin [18], and acoustic [19, 20] transport property evolution in several solid-state materials [21].”
From A facility for thermo-mechanical characterization of fusion magnet materials during cryogenic ion irradiation (2025) · cites this paper as [20]
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References 37 · Cited by 297
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- [23]23. H. J. Eichler, P. Gunter, D. W. Pohl, Laser-Induced Dynamic Gratings (Springer, Berlin, 1986).
- [27]27. J. A. Rogers, A. A. Maznev, M. J. Banet, K. A. Nelson, Optical generation and characterization of acoustic waves in thin films: fundamentals and applications. Annual Review of Materials Science 30 , 117-157 (2000).
- [32]32. V. Chiloyan, S. Huberman, Z. Ding, J. Mendoza, A. A. Maznev, K. A. Nelson, G. Chen, Micro/nanoscale thermal transport by phonons beyond the relaxation time approximation: Green's function with the full scattering matrix. arXiv preprint arXiv:1711.07151 (2017). · arXiv
- Authors
- Huberman, S., Duncan, R. A., Chen, K., Song, B., Chiloyan, V., Ding, Z., Maznev, A. A., Chen, G., & Nelson, K. A.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Huberman, S.
- Duncan, R. A.
- Chen, G.
- Nelson, K. A.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2019-04-26
- Volume
- 364
- Issue
- 6438
- Pages
- 375-379
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2915050198
- Cited by
- 297
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 14
- FWCI
- 12.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (EFMA-1542864)
- Office of Naval Research (N00014-16-1-2436)
- U.S. Department of Energy (DE-SC0001299)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Thermal properties of materials
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanics of Materials › Thermoelastic and Magnetoelastic Phenomena
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanics of Materials › Thermography and Photoacoustic Techniques
- Keywords
- second sound, graphite, thermal waves, phonon hydrodynamics, time-resolved optical measurement, transient heat transfer, two-dimensional materials, layered materials
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