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Human NLRP1 is a sensor for double-stranded RNA
Abstract
A dsRNA detector in the immune toolkit: Nod-like receptor (NLR) proteins recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns within cells, which triggers the formation of signaling complexes called inflammasomes. These complexes then initiate pyroptosis, a highly inflammatory form of cell death. Recent work has shown that a rhinovirus protease can activate the human NLRP1 inflammasome, but it was unclear whether this is the only pathogen-derived trigger for NLRP1. Bauernfried et al. report that long, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) generated in the course of Semliki Forest virus infection binds and activates NLRP1 in epithelial cells. dsRNA binding triggered NLRP1 to acquire adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity, a common feature of activated NLR proteins. Thus, in addition to its ability to recognize viral protease activity, human NLRP1 can act as a genuine sensor of virus-associated nucleic acids. Science , this issue p. eabd0811
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“Through recognition of TLR3 in endosomes or retinoic acid-inducible gene I, melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5, and inflammasomes in the cytoplasm,96, 97, 98, 99 depending on the amount, dsRNAs might overactivate innate immunity and lead to adverse events.”
From COVID-19 mRNA vaccines: Platforms and current developments (2022) · cites this paper as [99]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bauernfried, S., Scherr, M. J., Pichlmair, A., Duderstadt, K. E., & Hornung, V.
- Affiliations
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry (DE)
- German Center for Infection Research (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Hornung, Veit
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2021-01-29
- Volume
- 371
- Issue
- 6528
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W3109641046
- Cited by
- 304
- References
- 39
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 57 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 76 · 2021: 41
- FWCI
- 14.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- European Research Council (ERC-2014-CoG – 647858 GENESIS, ERC-2018-CoG – 817798 ProDAP, ERC-2018-StG – 804098 REPLISOMEBYPASS)
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (TRR 237/A09 (Project-ID 369799452), CRC 1335/P015 (Project-ID 360372040), SPP 1923 (Project-ID 273898015), TRR 179/TP11 (Project-ID 272983813), TRR 237/A07 (Project-ID 369799452))
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › interferon and immune responses
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Keywords
- NLRP1, inflammasome, double-stranded RNA, Semliki Forest virus, positive-strand RNA viruses, keratinocytes, leucine-rich repeat domain, NACHT domain, ATPase activity, epithelial barrier function, innate immunity
- MeSH terms
- NLR Proteins, Protein Domains, Adenosine Triphosphatases, Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Humans, Hydrolysis, Immunity, Innate, Mice, Transgenic, RNA, Double-Stranded, RNA, Viral, Semliki forest virus, Virus Replication, Keratinocytes, Alphavirus Infections, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins, Mice, Host-Pathogen Interactions, HEK293 Cells, Inflammasomes
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