The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Ion-modulated radical doping of spiro-OMeTAD for more efficient and stable perovskite solar cells
Open accessAbstract
Record power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been obtained with the organic hole transporter 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis( N , N -di- p -methoxyphenyl-amine)9,9′-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD). Conventional doping of spiro-OMeTAD with hygroscopic lithium salts and volatile 4- tert -butylpyridine is a time-consuming process and also leads to poor device stability. We developed a new doping strategy for spiro-OMeTAD that avoids post-oxidation by using stable organic radicals as the dopant and ionic salts as the doping modulator (referred to as ion-modulated radical doping). We achieved PCEs of >25% and much-improved device stability under harsh conditions. The radicals provide hole polarons that instantly increase the conductivity and work function (WF), and ionic salts further modulate the WF by affecting the energetics of the hole polarons. This organic semiconductor doping strategy, which decouples conductivity and WF tunability, could inspire further optimization in other optoelectronic devices.
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Self-citationA Universal Method to Produce Low–Work Function Electrodes for Organic Electronics
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Operationally stable perovskite solar modules enabled by vapor-phase fluoride treatment
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, T., Wang, F., Kim, H.-B., Choi, I.-W., Wang, C., Cho, E., Konefal, R., Puttisong, Y., Terado, K., Kobera, L., Chen, M., Yang, M., Bai, S., Yang, B., Suo, J., Yang, S.-C., Liu, X., Fu, F., Yoshida, H., Chen, W. M., Brus, J., Coropceanu, V., Hagfeldt, A., Brédas, J.-L., Fahlman, M., Kim, D. S., Hu, Z., & Gao, F.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2022-07-29
- Volume
- 377
- Issue
- 6605
- Pages
- 495-501
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W4288425304
- Cited by
- 432
- References
- 35
- FWCI
- 24.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Zhang, T., Wang, F., Kim, H.-B., Choi, I.-W., Wang, C., Cho, E., Konefal, R., Puttisong, Y., Terado, K., Kobera, L., Chen, M., Yang, M., Bai, S., Yang, B., Suo, J., Yang, S.-C., Liu, X., Fu, F., Yoshida, H., . . . Gao, F. (2022). Ion-modulated radical doping of spiro-OMeTAD for more efficient and stable perovskite solar cells. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abo2757
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