The DOI matches its Crossref record; 57 of the 57 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Experimentally realized in situ backpropagation for deep learning in photonic neural networks
Open accessAbstract
Integrated photonic neural networks provide a promising platform for energy-efficient, high-throughput machine learning with extensive scientific and commercial applications. Photonic neural networks efficiently transform optically encoded inputs using Mach-Zehnder interferometer mesh networks interleaved with nonlinearities. We experimentally trained a three-layer, four-port silicon photonic neural network with programmable phase shifters and optical power monitoring to solve classification tasks using “in situ backpropagation,” a photonic analog of the most popular method to train conventional neural networks. We measured backpropagated gradients for phase-shifter voltages by interfering forward- and backward-propagating light and simulated in situ backpropagation for 64-port photonic neural networks trained on MNIST image recognition given errors. All experiments performed comparably to digital simulations ( > 94% test accuracy), and energy scaling analysis indicated a route to scalable machine learning.
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Single chip photonic deep neural network with accelerated training
Bandyopadhyay, S., Sludds, A., Krastanov, S., Hamerly, R., Harris, N., Bunandar, D., Streshinsky, M., Hochberg, M., & Englund, D. (2022) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2208.01623 · Cited by 265
Integrated Electro-Optics on Thin-Film Lithium Niobate
Hu, Y., Zhu, D., Lu, S., Zhu, X., Song, Y., Renaud, D., Assumpcao, D., Cheng, R., Xin, C. J., Yeh, M., et al. (2025) · Nature Reviews Physics · doi:10.1038/s42254-025-00825-5 · Cited by 162
Gao, S., Chen, H., Wang, Y., Duan, Z., Zhang, H., Sun, Z., Shen, Y., & Lin, X. (2024) · Light: Science & Applications · doi:10.1038/s41377-024-01511-4 · Cited by 32
Self-citationPolaritonic machine learning for graph-based data analysis
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Metadata
- Authors
- Pai, S., Sun, Z., Hughes, T. W., Park, T., Bartlett, B., Williamson, I. A. D., Minkov, M., Milanizadeh, M., Abebe, N., Morichetti, F., Melloni, A., Fan, S., Solgaard, O., & Miller, D. A. B.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2023-04-28
- Volume
- 380
- Issue
- 6643
- Pages
- 398-404
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W4367173722
- Cited by
- 331
- References
- 57
- FWCI
- 29.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Pai, S., Sun, Z., Hughes, T. W., Park, T., Bartlett, B., Williamson, I. A. D., Minkov, M., Milanizadeh, M., Abebe, N., Morichetti, F., Melloni, A., Fan, S., Solgaard, O., & Miller, D. A. B. (2023). Experimentally realized in situ backpropagation for deep learning in photonic neural networks. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.ade8450
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