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Diet-Induced Alterations of Host Cholesterol Metabolism Are Likely To Affect the Gut Microbiota Composition in Hamsters
Open accessAbstract
The gastrointestinal microbiota affects the metabolism of the mammalian host and has consequences for health. However, the complexity of gut microbial communities and host metabolic pathways make functional connections difficult to unravel, especially in terms of causation. In this study, we have characterized the fecal microbiota of hamsters whose cholesterol metabolism was extensively modulated by the dietary addition of plant sterol esters (PSE). PSE intake induced dramatic shifts in the fecal microbiota, reducing several bacterial taxa within the families Coriobacteriaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae. The abundance of these taxa displayed remarkably high correlations with host cholesterol metabolites. Most importantly, the associations between several bacterial taxa with fecal and biliary cholesterol excretion showed an almost perfect fit to a sigmoidal nonlinear model of bacterial inhibition, suggesting that host cholesterol excretion can shape microbiota structure through the antibacterial action of cholesterol. In vitro experiments suggested a modest antibacterial effect of cholesterol, and especially of cholesteryl-linoleate, but not plant sterols when included in model bile micelles. The findings obtained in this study are relevant to our understanding of gut microbiota-host lipid metabolism interactions, as they provide the first evidence for a role of cholesterol excreted with the bile as a relevant host factor that modulates the gut microbiota. The findings further suggest that the connections between Coriobacteriaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae and host lipid metabolism, which have been observed in several studies, could be caused by a metabolic phenotype of the host (cholesterol excretion) affecting the gut microbiota.
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“These increased levels have been associated previously with changes in hepatic and lipid metabolism in humans and various rodent species [44], [45], [53], [54], [55].”
From Gut microbiota and glucometabolic alterations in response to recurrent partial sleep deprivation in normal-weight young individuals (2016) · cites this paper as [53]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Martínez, I., Perdicaro, D. J., Brown, A. W., Hammons, S., Carden, T. J., Carr, T. P., Eskridge, K. M., & Walter, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Nebraska–Lincoln (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2013-01-15
- Volume
- 79
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 516-524
- ISSN
- 0099-2240 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5336
- PMC
- PMC3553751
- OpenAlex
- W2143659067
- Cited by
- 215
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 3.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lincoln (University of Nebraska) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32DK062710)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Steroid Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Keywords
- gut microbiota, plant sterol esters, fecal microbiota, biliary cholesterol excretion, Coriobacteriaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, cholesteryl linoleate, bile micelles, host-microbiota interactions, lipid metabolism, hamster
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bacteria, Cholesterol, Diet, Feces, Cricetinae, Gastrointestinal Tract, Biodiversity
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