The DOI matches its Crossref record; 27 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Causes of Outbreaks Associated with Drinking Water in the United States from 1971 to 2006
Open accessAbstract
SUMMARY: Since 1971, the CDC, EPA, and Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) have maintained the collaborative national Waterborne Disease and Outbreak Surveillance System (WBDOSS) to document waterborne disease outbreaks (WBDOs) reported by local, state, and territorial health departments. WBDOs were recently reclassified to better characterize water system deficiencies and risk factors; data were analyzed for trends in outbreak occurrence, etiologies, and deficiencies during 1971 to 2006. A total of 833 WBDOs, 577,991 cases of illness, and 106 deaths were reported during 1971 to 2006. Trends of public health significance include (i) a decrease in the number of reported outbreaks over time and in the annual proportion of outbreaks reported in public water systems, (ii) an increase in the annual proportion of outbreaks reported in individual water systems and in the proportion of outbreaks associated with premise plumbing deficiencies in public water systems, (iii) no change in the annual proportion of outbreaks associated with distribution system deficiencies or the use of untreated and improperly treated groundwater in public water systems, and (iv) the increasing importance of Legionella since its inclusion in WBDOSS in 2001. Data from WBDOSS have helped inform public health and regulatory responses. Additional resources for waterborne disease surveillance and outbreak detection are essential to improve our ability to monitor, detect, and prevent waterborne disease in the United States.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Surveillance for waterborne-disease outbreaks--United States, 1993-1994.
Kramer, M. H., Herwaldt, B. L., Craun, G. F., Calderon, R. L., & Juranek, D. D. (1996) · PubMed · Cited by 2,059
Self-citationMac Kenzie, W. R., Hoxie, N. J., Proctor, M. E., Gradus, M. S., Blair, K. A., Peterson, D. E., Kazmierczak, J. J., Addiss, D. G., Fox, K. R., Rose, J. B., et al. (1994) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199407213310304 · Cited by 1,732
Legionnaires' Disease: Description of an Epidemic of Pneumonia
Fraser, D. W., Tsai, T. R., Orenstein, W., Parkin, W. E., Beecham, H. J., Sharrar, R. G., Harris, J., Mallison, G. F., Martin, S. M., McDade, J. E., et al. (1977) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm197712012972201 · Cited by 1,713
(1994) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199410133311527 · Cited by 1,531
Estimated use of water in the United States in 2005
Kenny, J. F., Barber, N. L., Hutson, S. S., Linsey, K. S., Lovelace, J. K., & Maupin, M. A. (2009) · Circular · doi:10.3133/cir1344 · Cited by 1,070
Benedict, K. M., Reses, H., Vigar, M., Roth, D. M., Roberts, V. A., Mattioli, M., Cooley, L. A., Hilborn, E. D., Wade, T. J., Fullerton, K. E., et al. (2017) · MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report · doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6644a3 · Cited by 880
Self-citationPeng, M. M., Xiao, L., Freeman, A. R., Arrowood, M. J., Escalante, A. A., Weltman, A. C., Ong, C., Kenzie, W. R. M., Lal, A. A., & Beard, C. B. (1997) · Emerging infectious diseases · doi:10.3201/eid0304.970423 · Cited by 351
Yoder, J. S., Blackburn, B. G., Craun, G. F., Hill, V. R., Levy, D. A., Chen, N., Lee, S. H., Calderon, R. L., & Beach, M. J. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 305
Self-citationTrends in Legionnaires Disease, 1980–1998: Declining Mortality and New Patterns of Diagnosis
Benin, A. L., Benson, R. F., & Besser, R. E. (2002) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/342903 · Cited by 295
LeChevallier, M. W., Gullick, R. W., Karim, M. R., Friedman, M., & Funk, J. E. (2003) · Journal of Water and Health · doi:10.2166/wh.2003.0002 · Cited by 264
Cited by
Manyi-Loh, C., Mamphweli, S., Meyer, E., & Okoh, A. (2018) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules23040795 · Cited by 1,808
Bain, R., Cronk, R., Wright, J., Yang, H., Slaymaker, T., & Bartram, J. (2014) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001644 · Cited by 619
Estimate of Burden and Direct Healthcare Cost of Infectious Waterborne Disease in the United States
Collier, S. A., Deng, L., Adam, E. A., Benedict, K. M., Beshearse, E. M., Blackstock, A. J., Bruce, B. B., Derado, G., Edens, C., Fullerton, K. E., et al. (2021) · Emerging Infectious Diseases · doi:10.3201/eid2701.190676 · Cited by 331
Self-citationIntermittent Water Supply: Prevalence, Practice, and Microbial Water Quality
Kumpel, E., & Nelson, K. L. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b03973 · Cited by 294
Falkinham, J. O., Hilborn, E. D., Arduino, M. J., Pruden, A., & Edwards, M. A. (2015) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1408692 · Cited by 277
Metadata
- Authors
- Craun, G. F., Brunkard, J. M., Yoder, J. S., Roberts, V. A., Carpenter, J., Wade, T., Calderon, R. L., Roberts, J. M., Beach, M. J., & Roy, S. L.
- Venue
- Clinical Microbiology Reviews
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2010-07
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 507-528
- ISSN
- 0893-8512 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-6618
- OpenAlex
- W2163182325
- Cited by
- 469
- References
- 27
- FWCI
- 28.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Causes of Outbreaks Associated with Drinking Water in the United States from 1971 to 2006. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1128/cmr.00077-09
- The paper
- Craun, G. F., Brunkard, J. M., Yoder, J. S., Roberts, V. A., Carpenter, J., Wade, T., Calderon, R. L., Roberts, J. M., Beach, M. J., & Roy, S. L. (2010). Causes of Outbreaks Associated with Drinking Water in the United States from 1971 to 2006. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00077-09
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
