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Staphylococcus aureus infections: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management.
Open accessAbstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that causes a wide range of clinical infections. It is a leading cause of bacteremia and infective endocarditis as well as osteoarticular, skin and soft tissue, pleuropulmonary, and device-related infections. This review comprehensively covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management of each of these clinical entities. The past 2 decades have witnessed two clear shifts in the epidemiology of S. aureus infections: first, a growing number of health care-associated infections, particularly seen in infective endocarditis and prosthetic device infections, and second, an epidemic of community-associated skin and soft tissue infections driven by strains with certain virulence factors and resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. In reviewing the literature to support management strategies for these clinical manifestations, we also highlight the paucity of high-quality evidence for many key clinical questions.
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“Like H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae, S. aureus is an opportunistic pathogen and a major cause of bacteraemia (Wertheim et al., 2005; Tong et al., 2015).”
From Secondary bacterial infections associated with influenza pandemics (2017) · cites this paper as Tong et al., 2015
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Metadata
- Authors
- Tong, S. Y. C., Davis, J. S., Eichenberger, E., Holland, T. L., & Fowler, V. G.
- Affiliations
- Menzies School of Health Research (AU)
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tong, Steven Y. C.
- Fowler, Vance G.
- Venue
- Clinical Microbiology Reviews
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2015-07
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 603-661
- ISSN
- 0893-8512 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-6618
- PMC
- PMC4451395
- OpenAlex
- W1878404532
- Cited by
- 5,192
- References
- 855
- Citations by year
- 2026: 442 · 2025: 594 · 2024: 618 · 2023: 655 · 2022: 670 · 2021: 573 · 2020: 519 · 2019: 459 · 2018: 324 · 2017: 178 · 2016: 137 · 2015: 15
- FWCI
- 169.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Clinical Microbiology Reviews (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (K24AI093969, R01AI068804)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Keywords
- Staphylococcus aureus, bacteremia, infective endocarditis, bone and joint infections, skin and soft tissue infections, pleuropulmonary infection, device-related infection, nosocomial infections, community-associated infections, virulence factors, beta-lactam resistance, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical management
- MeSH terms
- Cross Infection, Humans, Risk Factors, Staphylococcal Infections, Staphylococcus aureus, Prosthesis-Related Infections, Community-Acquired Infections, beta-Lactam Resistance, Virulence Factors
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