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Staphylococcus aureus infections: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management.
Open accessAbstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that causes a wide range of clinical infections. It is a leading cause of bacteremia and infective endocarditis as well as osteoarticular, skin and soft tissue, pleuropulmonary, and device-related infections. This review comprehensively covers the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management of each of these clinical entities. The past 2 decades have witnessed two clear shifts in the epidemiology of S. aureus infections: first, a growing number of health care-associated infections, particularly seen in infective endocarditis and prosthetic device infections, and second, an epidemic of community-associated skin and soft tissue infections driven by strains with certain virulence factors and resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. In reviewing the literature to support management strategies for these clinical manifestations, we also highlight the paucity of high-quality evidence for many key clinical questions.
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“Like H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae, S. aureus is an opportunistic pathogen and a major cause of bacteraemia (Wertheim et al., 2005; Tong et al., 2015).”
From Secondary bacterial infections associated with influenza pandemics (2017) · cites this paper as Tong et al., 2015
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Secondary bacterial infections associated with influenza pandemics
Morris, D. E., Cleary, D. W., & Clarke, S. C. (2017) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01041 · Cited by 576
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Bankier, C., Cheong, Y., Mahalingam, S., Edirisinghe, M., Ren, G., Cloutman-Green, E., & Ciric, L. (2018) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0192093 · Cited by 100
Coconut Palm: Food, Feed, and Nutraceutical Properties
Mat, K., Abdul Kari, Z., Rusli, N. D., Che Harun, H., Wei, L. S., Rahman, M. M., Mohd Khalid, H. N., Mohd Ali Hanafiah, M. H., Mohamad Sukri, S. A., Raja Khalif, R. I. A., et al. (2022) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani12162107 · Cited by 92
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Metadata
- Authors
- Tong, S. Y. C., Davis, J. S., Eichenberger, E., Holland, T. L., & Fowler, V. G.
- Affiliations
- Menzies School of Health Research (AU)
- Duke Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tong, Steven Y. C.
- Fowler, Vance G.
- Venue
- Clinical Microbiology Reviews
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2015-07
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 603-661
- ISSN
- 0893-8512 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-6618
- PMC
- PMC4451395
- OpenAlex
- W1878404532
- Cited by
- 5,192
- References
- 855
- Citations by year
- 2026: 442 · 2025: 594 · 2024: 618 · 2023: 655 · 2022: 670 · 2021: 573 · 2020: 519 · 2019: 459 · 2018: 324 · 2017: 178 · 2016: 137 · 2015: 15
- FWCI
- 169.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Clinical Microbiology Reviews (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (K24AI093969, R01AI068804)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis and Management
- Keywords
- Staphylococcus aureus, bacteremia, infective endocarditis, bone and joint infections, skin and soft tissue infections, pleuropulmonary infection, device-related infection, nosocomial infections, community-associated infections, virulence factors, beta-lactam resistance, epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical management
- MeSH terms
- Cross Infection, Humans, Risk Factors, Staphylococcal Infections, Staphylococcus aureus, Prosthesis-Related Infections, Community-Acquired Infections, beta-Lactam Resistance, Virulence Factors
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