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Epidemiology of and Diagnostic Strategies for Toxoplasmosis
Open accessAbstract
SUMMARY: The apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii was discovered a little over 100 years ago, but knowledge of its biological life cycle and its medical importance has grown in the last 40 years. This obligate intracellular parasite was identified early as a pathogen responsible for congenital infection, but its clinical expression and the importance of reactivations of infections in immunocompromised patients were recognized later, in the era of organ transplantation and HIV infection. Recent knowledge of host cell-parasite interactions and of parasite virulence has brought new insights into the comprehension of the pathophysiology of infection. In this review, we focus on epidemiological and diagnostic aspects, putting them in perspective with current knowledge of parasite genotypes. In particular, we provide critical information on diagnostic methods according to the patient's background and discuss the implementation of screening tools for congenital toxoplasmosis according to health policies.
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Cites
The many faces of macrophage activation
Mosser, D. M. (2003) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.0602325 · Cited by 1,902 · cited 1×
“Thus, there is a need for downregulating effectors, a role devoted at least partially to IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF- ), which modulate macrophage activation (233).”
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Cited by
Toxoplasma gondii in the Food Supply
Hussain, M., Stitt, V., Szabo, E., & Nelan, B. (2017) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens6020021 · Cited by 80
Immune responses against protozoan parasites: a focus on the emerging role of Nod-like receptors
Gurung, P., & Kanneganti, T.-D. (2016) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-016-2212-3 · Cited by 57
Toxoplasma gondii vaccine candidates: a concise review
Mamaghani, A. J., Fathollahi, A., Arab-Mazar, Z., kohansal, K., Fathollahi, M., Spotin, A., Bashiri, H., & Bozorgomid, A. (2023) · Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -) · doi:10.1007/s11845-022-02998-9 · Cited by 51
Zheng, B., Lou, D., Ding, J., Zhuo, X., Ding, H., Kong, Q., & Lu, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00418 · Cited by 37
Wang, J.-L., Liang, Q.-L., Li, T.-T., He, J.-J., Bai, M.-J., Cao, X.-Z., Elsheikha, H. M., & Zhu, X.-Q. (2020) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1900410 · Cited by 35
Metadata
- Authors
- Robert-Gangneux, F., & Dardé, M.-L.
- Venue
- Clinical Microbiology Reviews
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2012-04
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 264-296
- ISSN
- 0893-8512 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-6618
- OpenAlex
- W2118412418
- Cited by
- 1,815
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 52.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- Robert-Gangneux, F., & Dardé, M.-L. (2012). Epidemiology of and Diagnostic Strategies for Toxoplasmosis. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.05013-11
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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