The DOI matches its Crossref record; 47 of the 47 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Galleria mellonella as a Model System To Study Cryptococcus neoformans Pathogenesis
Open accessAbstract
Evaluation of Cryptococcus neoformans virulence in a number of nonmammalian hosts suggests that C. neoformans is a nonspecific pathogen. We used the killing of Galleria mellonella (the greater wax moth) caterpillar by C. neoformans to develop an invertebrate host model system that can be used to study cryptococcal virulence, host immune responses to infection, and the effects of antifungal compounds. All varieties of C. neoformans killed G. mellonella . After injection into the insect hemocoel, C. neoformans proliferated and, despite successful phagocytosis by host hemocytes, killed caterpillars both at 37°C and 30°C. The rate and extent of killing depended on the cryptococcal strain and the number of fungal cells injected. The sequenced C. neoformans clinical strain H99 was the most virulent of the strains tested and killed caterpillars with inocula as low as 20 CFU/caterpillar. Several C. neoformans genes previously shown to be involved in mammalian virulence ( CAP59 , GPA1 , RAS1 , and PKA1 ) also played a role in G. mellonella killing. Combination antifungal therapy (amphotericin B plus flucytosine) administered before or after inoculation was more effective than monotherapy in prolonging survival and in decreasing the tissue burden of cryptococci in the hemocoel. The G. mellonella - C. neoformans pathogenicity model may be a substitute for mammalian models of infection with C. neoformans and may facilitate the in vivo study of fungal virulence and efficacy of antifungal therapies.
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Cites
Practice Guidelines for the Management of Cryptococcal Disease
Saag, M. S., Graybill, R. J., Larsen, R. A., Pappas, P. G., Perfect, J. R., Powderly, W. G., Sobel, J. D., Dismukes, W. E., & Mycoses Study Group Cryptococcal Subproject (2000) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/313757 · Cited by 1,105
Bennett, J. E., Dismukes, W. E., Duma, R. J., Medoff, G., Sande, M. A., Gallis, H., Leonard, J., Fields, B. T., Bradshaw, M., Haywood, H., et al. (1979) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm197907193010303 · Cited by 863
Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis Associated with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
van der Horst, C. M., Saag, M. S., Cloud, G. A., Hamill, R. J., Graybill, J. R., Sobel, J. D., Johnson, P. C., Tuazon, C. U., Kerkering, T., Moskovitz, B. L., et al. (1997) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199707033370103 · Cited by 820
Positive Correlation between Virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Mutants in Mice and Insects
Jander, G., Rahme, L. G., & Ausubel, F. M. (2000) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.182.13.3843-3845.2000 · Cited by 541
Self-citationSteenbergen, J. N., Shuman, H. A., & Casadevall, A. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.261418798 · Cited by 511
Combination antifungal therapies for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: a randomised trial
Brouwer, A. E., Rajanuwong, A., Chierakul, W., Griffin, G. E., Larsen, R. A., White, N. J., & Harrison, T. S. (2004) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(04)16301-0 · Cited by 470
Genetic association of mating types and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans
Kwon-Chung, K. J., Edman, J. C., & Wickes, B. L. (1992) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.60.2.602-605.1992 · Cited by 434
Effect of the laccase gene CNLAC1, on virulence of Cryptococcus neoformans.
Salas, S. D., Bennett, J. E., Kwon-Chung, K. J., Perfect, J. R., & Williamson, P. R. (1996) · The Journal of experimental medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.184.2.377 · Cited by 404
Cryptococcus neoformans mating and virulence are regulated by the G-protein α subunit GPA1 and cAMP
Alspaugh, J. A., Perfect, J. R., & Heitman, J. (1997) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.11.23.3206 · Cited by 400
Self-citationSexual Cycle of Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii and Virulence of Congenic a and α Isolates
Nielsen, K., Cox, G. M., Wang, P., Toffaletti, D. L., Perfect, J. R., & Heitman, J. (2003) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.71.9.4831-4841.2003 · Cited by 382
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Chapter 4 The Capsule of the Fungal Pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans
Zaragoza, O., Rodrigues, M. L., De Jesus, M., Frases, S., Dadachova, E., & Casadevall, A. (2009) · Advances in Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2164(09)01204-0 · Cited by 457
Cowen, L. E., Singh, S. D., Köhler, J. R., Collins, C., Zaas, A. K., Schell, W. A., Aziz, H., Mylonakis, E., Perfect, J. R., Whitesell, L., et al. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0813394106 · Cited by 413
Self-citationGalleria mellonella as a Model System To Study Acinetobacter baumannii Pathogenesis and Therapeutics
Peleg, A. Y., Jara, S., Monga, D., Eliopoulos, G. M., Moellering, R. C., & Mylonakis, E. (2009) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.01533-08 · Cited by 320
Self-citationCalcineurin Controls Growth, Morphology, and Pathogenicity in Aspergillus fumigatus
Steinbach, W. J., Cramer, R. A., Perfect, B. Z., Asfaw, Y. G., Sauer, T. C., Najvar, L. K., Kirkpatrick, W. R., Patterson, T. F., Benjamin, D. K., Heitman, J., et al. (2006) · Eukaryotic Cell · doi:10.1128/ec.00139-06 · Cited by 264
Self-citationBasic principles of the virulence of Cryptococcus
Zaragoza, O. (2019) · Virulence · doi:10.1080/21505594.2019.1614383 · Cited by 249
Metadata
- Authors
- Mylonakis, E., Moreno, R., El Khoury, J. B., Idnurm, A., Heitman, J., Calderwood, S. B., Ausubel, F. M., & Diener, A.
- Venue
- Infection and Immunity
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2005-07
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 3842-3850
- ISSN
- 0019-9567 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5522
- OpenAlex
- W2005800004
- Cited by
- 433
- References
- 47
- FWCI
- 7.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Mylonakis, E., Moreno, R., El Khoury, J. B., Idnurm, A., Heitman, J., Calderwood, S. B., Ausubel, F. M., & Diener, A. (2005). Galleria mellonella as a Model System To Study Cryptococcus neoformans Pathogenesis. Infection and Immunity. https://doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.7.3842-3850.2005
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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