Passive Immunotherapy with Dromedary Immune Serum in an Experimental Animal Model for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection
Open accessAbstract
Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a highly lethal pulmonary infection. Serum from convalescent MERS patients may provide some benefit but is not readily available. In contrast, nearly all camels in the Middle East have been infected with MERS-CoV. Here, we show that sera obtained from MERS-immune camels augment the kinetics of MERS-CoV clearance and reduce the severity of pathological changes in infected lungs, with efficacy proportional to the titer of MERS-CoV-neutralizing serum antibody. IMPORTANCE Middle East respiratory syndrome, caused by a coronavirus, is highly lethal, with a case fatality rate of 35 to 40%. No specific therapy is available, and care is generally supportive. One promising approach is passive administration of sera from convalescent human MERS patients or other animals to exposed or infected patients. The vast majority of, if not all, camels in the Middle East have been infected with MERS-CoV, and some contain high titers of antibody to the virus. Here, we show that this antibody is protective if delivered either prophylactically or therapeutically to mice infected with MERS-CoV, indicating that this may be a useful intervention in infected patients.
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Protection from subsequent coronavirus infections is largely mediated by humoral immunity.
“protection from subsequent coronavirus infections is largely mediated by humoral immunity (16, 17).”
From Development of an inactivated vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2 (2020) · cites this paper as [17]
In the ‘Protective efficacy in MERS-CoV-infected mice’ results (page not specified in the indexed passage), transferred dromedary serum helped clear MERS-CoV, and protection tracked neutralizing-antibody titer. This supports a protective role for antibodies in that mouse model, but does not establish that humoral immunity largely mediates protection from subsequent coronavirus infections generally. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Zhao, J., Perera, R. A. P. M., Kayali, G., Meyerholz, D., Perlman, S., & Peiris, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Iowa (US)
- University of Hong Kong (HK)
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Virology
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2015-06
- Volume
- 89
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 6117-6120
- ISSN
- 0022-538X (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5514
- PMC
- PMC4442417
- OpenAlex
- W1725033991
- Cited by
- 68
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 7
- FWCI
- 6.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Virology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service (HHSN272201400006C)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (PO1 AI060699, contract HHSN272201400006C, R01 AI0901322, P01AI060699, HHSN 272201400006C)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK054759)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Keywords
- MERS-CoV, passive immunotherapy, Camelus dromedarius, antisera, neutralizing antibodies, convalescent serum, prophylaxis, lung pathology, mouse model
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Camelus, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Immune Sera, Immunization, Passive, Lung, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Treatment Outcome, Coronavirus Infections, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
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