CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 168HIV Research and TreatmentHIV/AIDS Research and InterventionsT-cell and B-cell Immunology

CD8 + T-Lymphocyte Response to Major Immunodominant Epitopes after Vaginal Exposure to Simian Immunodeficiency Virus: Too Late and Too Little

Open access
Reynolds, Matthew R., Rakasz, Eva, Skinner, Pamela J., White, Cara, Abel, Kristina, Ma, Zhong-Min, Compton, Lara, Napoé, Gnankang +4 more·2005·Journal of Virology
DOI 10.1128/jvi.79.14.9228-9235.2005PMC PMC1168786
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

In the acute stage of infection following sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), virus-specific CD8 + T-lymphocyte responses partially control but do not eradicate infection from the lymphatic tissues (LTs) or prevent the particularly massive depletion of CD4 + T lymphocytes in gut-associated lymphatic tissue (GALT). We explored hypothetical explanations for this failure to clear infection and prevent CD4 + T-lymphocyte loss in the SIV/rhesus macaque model of intravaginal transmission. We examined the relationship between the timing and magnitude of the CD8 + T-lymphocyte response to immunodominant SIV epitopes and viral replication, and we show first that the failure to contain infection is not because the female reproductive tract is a poor inductive site. We documented robust responses in cervicovaginal tissues and uterus, but only several days after the peak of virus production. Second, while we also documented a modest response in the draining genital and peripheral lymph nodes, the response at these sites also lagged behind peak virus production in these LT compartments. Third, we found that the response in GALT was surprisingly low or undetectable, possibly contributing to the severe and sustained depletion of CD4 + T lymphocytes in the GALT. Thus, the virus-specific CD8 + T-lymphocyte response is “too late and too little” to clear infection and prevent CD4 + T-lymphocyte loss. However, the robust response in female reproductive tissues may be an encouraging sign that vaccines that rapidly induce high-frequency CD8 + T-lymphocyte responses might be able to prevent acquisition of HIV-1 infection by the most common route of transmission.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1128/jvi.79.14.9228-9235.2005

Cites

34 of 34 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Memory T cells require an extended period of infection, 7-10 days, before controlling pathogen replication in murine tuberculosis and SIV macaque studies.

    “Studies of the ability of memory T cells to control viral and bacterial growth suggest that both CD4+ T cells (in murine tuberculosis42) and CD8+ T cells (in simian immunodeficiency virus infection of macaques43,44) require an extended period of infection (7–10 days) before they are mobilized to control pathogen replication.”

    From Prospects for durable immune control of SARS-CoV-2 and prevention of reinfection (2021) · cites this paper as [44]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. [2]Agace, W. W., A. I. Roberts, L. Wu, C. Greineder, E. C. Ebert, and C. M. Parker. 2000. Human intestinal lamina propria and intraepithelial lymphocytes express receptors specific for chemokines induced by inflammation. Eur. J. Immunol. 30:819-826. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. [31]Veazey, R. S., and A. A. Lackner. 1998. The gastrointestinal tract and the pathogenesis of AIDS. AIDS 12(Suppl. A):S35-S42. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Reynolds, M. R., Rakasz, E., Skinner, P. J., White, C., Abel, K., Ma, Z.-M., Compton, L., Napoé, G., Wilson, N., Miller, C. J., Haase, A., & Watkins, D. I.
Affiliations
  • University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
  • Wisconsin Primate Research Center
  • University of Minnesota (US)
  • University of California, Davis (US)
Corresponding author
  • Haase, Ashley
  • Watkins, David I.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Virology
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Published
2005-07
Volume
79
Issue
14
Pages
9228-9235
ISSN
  • 0022-538X (ISSN-L)
  • 1098-5514
DOI
10.1128/jvi.79.14.9228-9235.2005
PMC
PMC1168786
OpenAlex
W2106750237
Cited by
168
References
34
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
FWCI
6.35
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of Virology (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01 AI51239, R01AI048484, R01 AI51596, U19AI051596, R01-AI-48484, R01AI051239)
  • National Center for Research Resources (P51RR000169, U51 RR00169, P51RR00167, P51RR000167)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
Keywords
CD8+ T cell responses, immunodominant epitopes, simian immunodeficiency virus, vaginal transmission, rhesus macaque model, gut-associated lymphoid tissue, CD4+ T cell depletion, acute HIV infection, female reproductive tract
MeSH terms
Animals, Female, Interferon-gamma, Intestines, Lymphoid Tissue, Macaca mulatta, Vagina, Virus Replication, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, Immunodominant Epitopes, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review