Kinetics of Virus-Specific CD8+T Cells and the Control of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Open accessAbstract
Several primate models indicate that cytotoxic T lymphocyte-inducing vaccines may be unable to prevent human immunodeficiency virus infection but may have a long-term benefit in controlling viral replication and delaying disease progression. Here we show that analysis of the kinetics of antigen-specific CD8+T-cell expansion suggests a delay in activation following infection that allows unimpeded early viral replication. Viral kinetics do not differ between controls and vaccinees during this delay phase. An increase in virus-specific CD8+T-cell numbers around day 10 postinfection coincides with a slowing in viral replication in vaccinees and reduces peak viral loads by around 1 log. However, this response is too little too late to prevent establishment of persistent infection.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Memory T cells require an extended period of infection, 7-10 days, before controlling pathogen replication in murine tuberculosis and SIV macaque studies.
“Studies of the ability of memory T cells to control viral and bacterial growth suggest that both CD4+ T cells (in murine tuberculosis42) and CD8+ T cells (in simian immunodeficiency virus infection of macaques43,44) require an extended period of infection (7–10 days) before they are mobilized to control pathogen replication.”
From Prospects for durable immune control of SARS-CoV-2 and prevention of reinfection (2021) · cites this paper as [43]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Prognosis in HIV-1 Infection Predicted by the Quantity of Virus in Plasma
Mellors, J. W., Rinaldo, C. R., Gupta, P., White, R. M., Todd, J. A., & Kingsley, L. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.272.5265.1167 · Cited by 2,658 · see citing works
Koup, R. A., Safrit, J. T., Cao, Y., Andrews, C. A., McLeod, G. X., Borkowsky, W., Farthing, C., & Ho, D. D. (1994) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.68.7.4650-4655.1994 · Cited by 2,494 · see citing works
Control of Viremia in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection by CD8 + Lymphocytes
Schmitz, J. E., Kuroda, M. J., Santra, S., Sasseville, V. G., Simon, M. A., Lifton, M. A., Rácz, P., Tenner‐Racz, K., Dalesandro, M. R., Scallon, B. J., et al. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.283.5403.857 · Cited by 2,167 · see citing works
Quantification of latent tissue reservoirs and total body viral load in HIV-1 infection
Chun, T.-W., Carruth, L., Finzi, D., Shen, X., DiGiuseppe, J. A., Taylor, H., Hermankova, M., Chadwick, K., Margolick, J., Quinn, T. C., et al. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/387183a0 · Cited by 2,050 · see citing works
Borrow, P., Lewicki, H. A., Hahn, B. H., Shaw, G. M., & Oldstone, M. B. A. (1994) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.68.9.6103-6110.1994 · Cited by 1,880 · see citing works
Wherry, E. J., Blattman, J. N., Murali‐Krishna, K., der Most, R. G. V., & Ahmed, R. (2003) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.77.8.4911-4927.2003 · Cited by 1,599 · see citing works
Requirement for CD4 T Cell Help in Generating Functional CD8 T Cell Memory
Shedlock, D. J., & Shen, H. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1082305 · Cited by 1,450 · see citing works
Jin, X., Bauer, D. E., Tuttleton, S., Lewin, S. R., Gettie, A., Blanchard, J., Irwin, C. E., Safrit, J. T., Mittler, J. E., Weinberger, L. S., et al. (1999) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.189.6.991 · Cited by 1,405 · see citing works
Self-citationDefective CD8 T Cell Memory Following Acute Infection Without CD4 T Cell Help
Sun, J. C., & Bevan, M. J. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1083317 · Cited by 1,213 · see citing works
Shiver, J. W., Fu, T., Chen, L., Casimiro, D. R., Davies, M.-E., Evans, R. K., Zhang, Z., Simon, A. J., Trigona, W. L., Dubey, S. A., et al. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/415331a · Cited by 1,173 · see citing works
Control of a Mucosal Challenge and Prevention of AIDS by a Multiprotein DNA/MVA Vaccine
Amara, R. R. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1058915 · Cited by 1,110 · see citing works
Human immunodeficiency virus genetic variation that can escape cytotoxic T cell recognition
Phillips, R. E., Rowland-Jones, S. L., Nixon, D. F., Gotch, F. M., Edwards, J. P., Ogunlesi, A. O., Elvin, J. G., Rothbard, J. B., Bangham, C. R. M., Rizza, C. R., et al. (1991) · Nature · doi:10.1038/354453a0 · Cited by 1,015 · see citing works
Nowak, M. A., & May, R. M. (2000) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198504184.001.0001 · Cited by 994 · see citing works
Dynamics of HIV infection of CD4+ T cells
Perelson, A. S., Kirschner, D. E., & de Boer, R. J. (1993) · Mathematical Biosciences · doi:10.1016/0025-5564(93)90043-a · Cited by 973 · see citing works
Self-citationVirus dynamics: Mathematical principles of immunology and virology
Nowak, M. A., & May, R. M. (2001) · Cited by 934 · see citing works
Barouch, D. H., Santra, S., Schmitz, J. E., Kuroda, M. J., Fu, T., Wagner, W., Bilska, M., Craiu, A., Zheng, X. X., Krivulka, G. R., et al. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.290.5491.486 · Cited by 881 · see citing works
HIV-specific CD8(+) T cells produce antiviral cytokines but are impaired in cytolytic function
Appay, V., Nixon, D. F., Donahoe, S. M., Gillespie, G. M. A., Dong, T., King, A., Ogg, G. S., Spiegel, H. M. L., Conlon, C., Spina, C. A., et al. (2000) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.192.1.63 · Cited by 871 · see citing works
Direct Observation of Vortex Dynamics in Superconducting Films with Regular Arrays of Defects
Harada, K., Kamimura, O., Kasai, H., Matsuda, T., Tonomura, A., & Moshchalkov, V. V. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.274.5290.1167 · Cited by 778 · see citing works
Gallimore, A., Glithero, A., Godkin, A. J., Tissot, A. C., Plückthun, A., Elliott, T. J., Hengartner, H., & Zinkernagel, R. M. (1998) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.187.9.1383 · Cited by 764 · see citing works
Allen, T. M., O’Connor, D. H., Jing, P., Dzuris, J. L., Mothé, B. R., Vogel, T. U., DUNPHY, E. B., Liebl, M. E., Emerson, C. L., Wilson, N. A., et al. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35030124 · Cited by 679 · see citing works
Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells in Primary and Secondary Influenza Pneumonia
Flynn, K. J., Belz, G. T., Altman, J. D., Ahmed, R., Woodland, D. L., & Doherty, P. C. (1998) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80573-7 · Cited by 674 · see citing works
Eventual AIDS vaccine failure in a rhesus monkey by viral escape from cytotoxic T lymphocytes
Barouch, D. H., Kunstman, J., Kuroda, M. J., Schmitz, J. E., Santra, S., Peyerl, F. W., Krivulka, G. R., Beaudry, K. R., Lifton, M. A., Gorgone, D. A., et al. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/415335a · Cited by 660 · see citing works
Cytotoxic T-cell memory without antigen
Lau, L. L., Jamieson, B. D., Somasundaram, T., & Ahmed, R. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/369648a0 · Cited by 657 · see citing works
Quantitative Image Analysis of HIV-1 Infection in Lymphoid Tissue
Haase, A. T., Henry, K., Zupancic, M., Sedgewick, G. J., Faust, R. A., Melroe, H., Cavert, W. P., Gebhard, K. H., Staskus, K., Zhang, Z.-Q., et al. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.274.5289.985 · Cited by 599 · see citing works
Self-citationGain of Virulence Caused by Loss of a Gene in Murine Cytomegalovirus
Bubić, I., Wagner, M., Krmpotić, A., Saulig, T., Kim, S., Yokoyama, W. M., Jonjić, S., & Koszinowski, U. H. (2004) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.78.14.7536-7544.2004 · Cited by 570 · see citing works
Musey, L. K., Hughes, J. P., Schacker, T. W., Shea, T., Corey, L., & McElrath, M. J. (1997) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199710303371803 · Cited by 517 · see citing works
Alexander‐Miller, M. A., Leggatt, G. R., & Berzofsky, J. A. (1996) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.93.9.4102 · Cited by 511 · see citing works
Ramratnam, B., Bonhoeffer, S., Binley, J. Μ., Hurley, A., Zhang, L., Mittler, J. E., Markowitz, M. H., Moore, J. P., Perelson, A. S., & Ho, D. D. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(99)02035-8 · Cited by 481 · see citing works
Self-citationMemory Inflation: Continuous Accumulation of Antiviral CD8+ T Cells Over Time
Karrer, U. W., Sierro, S. R., Wagner, M., Oxenius, A., Hengel, H., Koszinowski, U. H., Phillips, R. E., & Klenerman, P. (2003) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.170.4.2022 · Cited by 444 · see citing works
Markowitz, M. H., Louie, M. J., Hurley, A., Sun, E., Mascio, M. D., Perelson, A. S., & Ho, D. D. (2003) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.77.8.5037-5038.2003 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
Self-citationKoenig, S., Conley, A. J., Brewah, Y. A., Jones, G. M., Leath, S., BOOTS, L. J., Davey, V. J., Pantaleo, G., Demarest, J. F., Carter, C., et al. (1995) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0495-330 · Cited by 376 · see citing works
Increased Turnover of T Lymphocytes in HIV-1 Infection and Its Reduction by Antiretroviral Therapy
Mohri, H., Perelson, A. S., Tung, K. S., Ribeiro, R. M., Ramratnam, B., Markowitz, M. H., Kost, R. G., Hurley, Weinberger, L. S., Cesar, D., et al. (2001) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.194.9.1277 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Self-citationAcute phase cytotoxic T lymphocyte escape is a hallmark of simian immunodeficiency virus infection
O’Connor, D. H., Allen, T. M., Vogel, T. U., Jing, P., DeSouza, I., Dodds, E. J., Dunphy, E. J., Melsaether, C., Mothé, B. R., Yamamoto, H., et al. (2002) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm0502-493 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Compromised Influenza Virus-Specific CD8 + -T-Cell Memory in CD4 + -T-Cell-Deficient Mice
Belz, G. T., Wodarz, D., Diaz, G. M., Nowak, M. A., & Doherty, P. C. (2002) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.76.23.12388-12393.2002 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Viral Dynamics of Acute HIV-1 Infection
Little, S. J., McLean, A. R., Spina, C. A., Richman, D. D., & Havlir, D. V. (1999) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.190.6.841 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Nowak, M. A., Lloyd, A. L., Vásquez, G. M., Wiltrout, T. A., Wahl, L. M., Bischofberger, N., Williams, J. P., Kinter, A. L., Fauci, A. S., Hirsch, V. M., et al. (1997) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.71.10.7518-7525.1997 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Accessing Complexity: The Dynamics of Virus-Specific T Cell Responses
Doherty, P. C., & Christensen, J. P. (2000) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.18.1.561 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Rees, W. A., Bender, J., Teague, T. K., Kedl, R. M., Crawford, F., Marrack, P., & Kappler, J. W. (1999) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.96.17.9781 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
A cellular calculus for signal integration by T cells
Gett, A. V., & Hodgkin, P. D. (2000) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/79782 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Kovacs, J. A., Lempicki, R. A., Sidorov, I. A., Adelsberger, J. W., Herpin, B. R., Metcalf, J. A., Sereti, I., Polis, M. A., Davey, R. T., Tavel, J. A., et al. (2001) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.194.12.1731 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Differential Sensitivity of Naive and Memory CD8+ T Cells to Apoptosis in Vivo
Grayson, J. M., Harrington, L. E., Lanier, J. G., Wherry, E. J., & Ahmed, R. (2002) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.169.7.3760 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
de Boer, R. J., Oprea, M., Antia, R., Murali‐Krishna, K., Ahmed, R., & Perelson, A. S. (2001) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.75.22.10663-10669.2001 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Self-citationHorton, H., Vogel, T. U., Carter, D. K., Vielhuber, K., FULLER, D. H., Shipley, T., Fuller, J. T., Kunstman, K., Sutter, G., Montefiori, D. C., et al. (2002) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.76.14.7187-7202.2002 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Igarashi, T., Brown, C. R., Azadegan, A. A., Haigwood, N. L., Dimitrov, D. S., Martin, M. A., & Shibata, R. (1999) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/5576 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Egan, M. A., Charini, W. A., Kuroda, M. J., Schmitz, J. E., Rácz, P., Tenner‐Racz, K., Manson, K. H., Wyand, M. S., Lifton, M. A., Nickerson, C. E., et al. (2000) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.74.16.7485-7495.2000 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Bachmann, M. F., Kündig, T. M., Hengartner, H., & Zinkernagel, R. M. (1997) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.94.2.640 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
The quest for an AIDS vaccine: is the CD8+ T-cell approach feasible?
McMichael, A. J., & Hanke, T. (2002) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri779 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Quantitative Image Analysis of HIV-1 Infection in Lymphoid TissuePreprint
Haase, A. T., Henry, K., Zupancic, M., Sedgewick, G., Faust, R. A., Melroe, H., Cavert, W. P., Gebhard, K. H., Staskus, K., Zhang, Z., et al. (1996) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Self-citationBullock, T. N. J., Mullins, D. W., & Engelhard, V. H. (2003) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.170.4.1822 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
TCR Signal Transduction in Antigen-Specific Memory CD8 T Cells
Kersh, E. N., Kaech, S. M., Onami, T. M., Moran, M., Wherry, E. J., Miceli, M. C., & Ahmed, R. (2003) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.170.11.5455 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Staprans, S. I., Dailey, P. J., Rosenthal, A. N., Horton, C., Grant, R. M., Lerche, N. W., & Feinberg, M. B. (1999) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.73.6.4829-4839.1999 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Ghaffari‐Tabrizi‐Wizsy, N., Bauer, B., Villunger, A., Baier-Bitterlich, G., Altman, A., Utermann, G., Überall, F., & Baier, G. (1999) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1521-4141(199901)29:01 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Vogel, T. U., Reynolds, M. R., FULLER, D. H., Vielhuber, K., Shipley, T., Fuller, J. T., Kunstman, K., Sutter, G., Marthas, M. L., Erfle, V., et al. (2003) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.77.24.13348-13360.2003 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Lieberman, J., Skolnik, P. R., Parkerson, G. R., Fabry, J. A., Landry, B., Bethel, J., Kagan, J., & the DATRI 006 Study Team (1997) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood.v90.6.2196 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Rapid Clearance of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Particles from Plasma of Rhesus Macaques
Zhang, L., Dailey, P. J., Tian, H., Gettie, A., Bonhoeffer, S., Perelson, A. S., & Ho, D. D. (1999) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.73.1.855-860.1999 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Self-citationChen, X., Scala, G., Quinto, I., Liu, W., Chun, T., Justement, J. S., Cohen, O. J., vanCott, T. C., Iwanicki, M., Lewis, M. G., et al. (2001) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm1101-1225 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Kinetics of TCR Use in Response to Repeated Epitope-Specific Immunization
Monsurrò, V., Nielsen, M.-B., Pérez‐Díez, A., Dudley, M. E., Wang, E., Rosenberg, S. A., & Marincola, F. M. (2001) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.166.9.5817 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Rev Activity Determines Sensitivity of HIV-1-Infected Primary T Cells to CTL Killing
Bobbitt, K. R., Addo, M. M., Altfeld, M. A., Filzen, T. M., Onafuwa-Nuga, A., Walker, B. D., & Collins, K. L. (2003) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(03)00031-1 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Subbramanian, R. A., Kuroda, M. J., Charini, W. A., Barouch, D. H., Costantino, C. M., Santra, S., Schmitz, J. E., Martin, K. L., Lifton, M. A., Gorgone, D. A., et al. (2003) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.77.18.10113-10118.2003 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Preventing AIDS But Not HIV-1 Infection with a DNA Vaccine
Shen, X., & Siliciano, R. F. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.290.5491.463 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Santra, S., Barouch, D. H., Kuroda, M. J., Schmitz, J. E., Krivulka, G. R., Beaudry, K. R., Lord, C. I., Lifton, M. A., Wyatt, L. S., Moss, B., et al. (2002) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.76.12.6376-6381.2002 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [57]Zimmermann, C., A. Prevost-Blondel, C. Blaser, and H. Pircher. 1999. Kinetics of the response of naive and memory CD8 T cells to antigen: similarities and differences. Eur. J. Immunol. 29:284-290. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Perils at mucosal front lines for HIV and SIV and their hosts
Haase, A. T. (2005) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1706 · Cited by 436 · see citing works
Blanchet, F. P., Moris, A., Nikolic, D. S., Lehmann, M., Cardinaud, S., Stalder, R., Garcia, E., Dinkins, C., Leuba, F., Wu, L. J., et al. (2010) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2010.04.011 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Modeling the within-host dynamics of HIV infection
Perelson, A. S., & Ribeiro, R. M. (2013) · BMC Biology · doi:10.1186/1741-7007-11-96 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Self-citationProspects for durable immune control of SARS-CoV-2 and prevention of reinfection
Cromer, D., Juno, J. A., Khoury, D., Reynaldi, A., Wheatley, A. K., Kent, S. J., & Davenport, M. P. (2021) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-021-00550-x · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Self-citationRibeiro, R. M., Li, Q., Chavez, L. L., Li, D., Self, S. G., & Perelson, A. S. (2010) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00127-10 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Self-citationEstes, J. D., Li, Q., Reynolds, M. R., Wietgrefe, S. W., Duan, L., Schacker, T. W., Picker, L. J., Watkins, D. I., Lifson, J. D., Reilly, C., et al. (2006) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/500368 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Post-treatment control of HIV infection
Conway, J. M., & Perelson, A. S. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1419162112 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Self-citationThe role of models in understanding CD8+ T-cell memory
Antia, R., Ganusov, V. V., & Ahmed, R. (2005) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1550 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Modeling the mechanisms of acute hepatitis B virus infection
Ciupe, S. M., Ribeiro, R. M., Nelson, P. W., & Perelson, A. S. (2007) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2007.02.017 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Self-citationReynolds, M. R., Rakasz, E., Skinner, P. J., White, C., Abel, K., Ma, Z.-M., Compton, L., Napoé, G., Wilson, N., Miller, C. J., et al. (2005) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.79.14.9228-9235.2005 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Kent, S. J., Khoury, D. S., Reynaldi, A., Juno, J. A., Wheatley, A. K., Stadler, E., John Wherry, E., Triccas, J., Sasson, S. C., Cromer, D., et al. (2022) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-022-00716-1 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Self-citationDynamics of Immune Escape during HIV/SIV Infection
Althaus, C. L., & de Boer, R. J. (2008) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000103 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Akondy, R. S., Johnson, P. L. F., Nakaya, H. I., Edupuganti, S., Mulligan, M. J., Lawson, B., Miller, J. D., Pulendran, B., Antia, R., & Ahmed, R. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1500475112 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Measuring immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection: comparing assays and animal models
Khoury, D. S., Wheatley, A. K., Ramuta, M. D., Reynaldi, A., Cromer, D., Subbarao, K., O’Connor, D. H., Kent, S. J., & Davenport, M. P. (2020) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-020-00471-1 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-citationThe role of cells refractory to productive infection in acute hepatitis B viral dynamics
Ciupe, S. M., Ribeiro, R. M., Nelson, P. W., Dusheiko, G. M., & Perelson, A. S. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0603626104 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Self-citationViral dynamics model with CTL immune response incorporating antiretroviral therapy
Wang, Y., Zhou, Y., Brauer, F., & Heffernan, J. M. (2012) · Journal of Mathematical Biology · doi:10.1007/s00285-012-0580-3 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Kinetics of Expansion of Epitope-Specific T Cell Responses during Primary HIV-1 Infection
Turnbull, E. L., Wong, M., Wang, S., Wei, X., Jones, N., Conrod, K. E., Aldam, D., Turner, J., Pellegrino, P., Keele, B. F., et al. (2009) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.0803658 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Dorrell, L., Yang, H., Ondondo, B., Dong, T., di Gleria, K., Suttill, A., Conlon, C. P., Brown, D., Williams, P., Bowness, P., et al. (2006) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.80.10.4705-4716.2006 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Jones, L., & Perelson, A. S. (2005) · Bulletin of Mathematical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.bulm.2005.01.006 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Self-citationThe T cell repertoire in infection and vaccination: implications for control of persistent viruses
Davenport, M. P., Price, D. A., & McMichael, A. J. (2007) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2007.04.001 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationUnderstanding the Failure of CD8+T-Cell Vaccination against Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus
de Boer, R. J. (2007) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01914-06 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Estimating Costs and Benefits of CTL Escape Mutations in SIV/HIV Infection
Ganusov, V. V., & de Boer, R. J. (2006) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.0020024 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
In vivo CD8 + T cell control of immunodeficiency virus infection in humans and macaques
Asquith, B., & McLean, A. R. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0700666104 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Induction of vaginal-resident HIV-specific CD8 T cells with mucosal prime–boost immunization
Tan, H.-X., Wheatley, A. K., Esterbauer, R., Jegaskanda, S., Glass, J. J., Masopust, D., Rose, R. D., & Kent, S. J. (2017) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1038/mi.2017.89 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Mathematical modeling provides kinetic details of the human immune response to vaccination
Le, D., Miller, J. D., & Ganusov, V. V. (2015) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2014.00177 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Althaus, C. L., & de Boer, R. J. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016468 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Vaccination and Timing Influence SIV Immune Escape Viral Dynamics In Vivo
Loh, L., Petravic, J., Batten, C. J., Davenport, M. P., & Kent, S. J. (2008) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.0040012 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Self-citationHIV vaccines: progress to date.
Munier, C. M. L., Andersen, C., & Kelleher, A. D. (2011) · PubMed · doi:10.2165/11585400-000000000-00000 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Kijak, G. H., Sanders‐Buell, E., Chenine, A.-L., Eller, M. A., Goonetilleke, N. P., Thomas, R., Leviyang, S., Harbolick, E. A., Bose, M., Pham, P. T., et al. (2017) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1006510 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Understanding the mechanisms and limitations of immune control of HIV
Davenport, M. P., Ribeiro, R. M., Zhang, L., Wilson, D. P., & Perelson, A. S. (2007) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.2006.00485.x · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Self-citationNemes, E., Bertoncelli, L., Lugli, E., Pinti, M., Nasi, M., Manzini, L., Manzini, S., Prati, F., Borghi, V., Cossarizza, A., et al. (2010) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/qad.0b013e328337b144 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Smith, M. Z., Fernandez, C. S., Chung, A. W., Dale, C. J., Rose, R. D., Lin, J., Brööks, A. G., Krebs, K. C., Watkins, D. I., O’Connor, D. H., et al. (2005) · Journal of Medical Primatology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0684.2005.00126.x · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Self-citationComparing the Kinetics of NK Cells, CD4, and CD8 T Cells in Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection
Schlub, T. E., Sun, J. C.-Y., Walton, S. M., Robbins, S. H., Pinto, A. K., Munks, M. W., Hill, A. B., Brossay, L., Oxenius, A., & Davenport, M. P. (2011) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1100416 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationGanusov, V. V., Borghans, J. A. M., & de Boer, R. J. (2010) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000666 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Reversion of immune escape HIV variants upon transmission: insights into effective viral immunity
Kent, S. J., Fernandez, C. S., Dale, C. J., & Davenport, M. P. (2005) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.tim.2005.03.011 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationAnti-HIV-1 ADCC Antibodies following Latency Reversal and Treatment Interruption
Lee, W. S., Kristensen, A. B., Rasmussen, T. A., Tolstrup, M., Østergaard, L. J., Søgaard, O. S., Wines, B. D., Hogarth, P. M., Reynaldi, A., Davenport, M. P., et al. (2017) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00603-17 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationInfluence of Peak Viral Load on the Extent of CD4+ T-Cell Depletion in Simian HIV Infection
Davenport, M. P., Zhang, L., Shiver, J. W., Casmiro, D. R., Ribeiro, R. M., & Perelson, A. S. (2006) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/01.qai.0000199232.31340.d3 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationWick, W. D., Yang, O. O., Corey, L., & Self, S. G. (2005) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.79.21.13579-13586.2005 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Defining early SIV replication and dissemination dynamics following vaginal transmission
Deléage, C., Immonen, T. T., Fennessey, C. M., Reynaldi, A., Reid, C., Newman, L. P., Lipkey, L., Schlub, T. E., Camus, C., O’Brien, S. P., et al. (2019) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aav7116 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citationAbdel‐Motal, U. M., Gillis, J. M., Manson, K. H., Wyand, M. S., Montefiori, D. C., Stefano-Cole, K., Montelaro, R. C., Altman, J. D., & Johnson, R. P. (2005) · Virology · doi:10.1016/j.virol.2004.12.030 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
The Rate of Immune Escape Vanishes When Multiple Immune Responses Control an HIV Infection
van Deutekom, H. W. M., Wijnker, G., & de Boer, R. J. (2013) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1300962 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Does Cytolysis by CD8+ T Cells Drive Immune Escape in HIV Infection?
Balamurali, M., Petravic, J., Loh, L., Alcântara, S., Kent, S. J., & Davenport, M. P. (2010) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1002204 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationImmune impairment in HIV infection: Existence of risky and immunodeficiency thresholds
Iwami, S., Miura, T., Nakaoka, S., & Takeuchi, Y. (2009) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2009.06.023 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
The race between infection and immunity: how do pathogens set the pace?
Davenport, M. P., Belz, G. T., & Ribeiro, R. M. (2009) · Trends in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.it.2008.11.001 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationRollman, E., Smith, M. Z., Brööks, A. G., Purcell, D. F. J., Zuber, B., Ramshaw, I. A., & Kent, S. J. (2007) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.179.7.4571 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Immune impairment thresholds in HIV infection
Iwami, S., Nakaoka, S., Takeuchi, Y., Miura, Y., & Miura, T. (2009) · Immunology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.imlet.2009.03.007 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Desikan, R., Raja, R., & Dixit, N. M. (2020) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008064 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
CD8+ T Cell Control of HIV—A Known Unknown
Davenport, M. P., & Petravic, J. (2010) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000728 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Role of Recombination for the Coevolutionary Dynamics of HIV and the Immune Response
Mostowy, R. J., Kouyos, R. D., Fouchet, D., & Bonhoeffer, S. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016052 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Gadhamsetty, S., Coorens, T. H. H., & de Boer, R. J. (2016) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00306-16 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Predicting the Impact of CD8+T Cell Polyfunctionality on HIV Disease Progression
Graw, F., & Regoes, R. R. (2014) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00647-14 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Scaling aspects of lymphocyte trafficking
Perelson, A. S., & Wiegel, F. W. (2008) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2008.11.007 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citationDavenport, M. P., Zhang, L., Bagchi, A., Fridman, A., Fu, T., Schleif, W. A., Shiver, J. W., Ribeiro, R. M., & Perelson, A. S. (2005) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.79.15.10059-10062.2005 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citationMatrajt, L., Younan, P. M., Kiem, H., & Schiffer, J. T. (2014) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.03428-13 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Peut, V., & Kent, S. J. (2006) · Current HIV Research · doi:10.2174/157016206776055110 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Morris, S. E., Yates, A. J., de Swart, R. L., de Vries, R. D., Mina, M. J., Nelson, A. N., Lin, W.-H. W., Kouyos, R. D., Griffin, D. E., & Grenfell, B. T. (2018) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1007493 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Effector CD8 T Cell-Dependent Zika Virus Control in the CNS: A Matter of Time and Numbers
Nazerai, L., Schøller, A. S., Bassi, M. R., Buus, S., Stryhn, A., Christensen, J. P., & Thomsen, A. R. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01977 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Simple Mathematical Models Do Not Accurately Predict Early SIV Dynamics
Noecker, C. A., Schaefer, K., Zaccheo, K., Yang, Y., Day, J., & Ganusov, V. V. (2015) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v7031189 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Spatial Aspects of HIV Infection
Graw, F., & Perelson, A. S. (2012) · Lecture notes on mathematical modelling in the life sciences · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-4178-6_1 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Self-citationWhat do mathematical models tell us about killing rates during HIV-1 infection?
Gadhamsetty, S., Beltman, J. B., & de Boer, R. J. (2015) · Immunology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.imlet.2015.07.009 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Immonen, T. T., Camus, C., Reid, C., Fennessey, C. M., Prete, G. Q. D., Davenport, M. P., Lifson, J. D., & Keele, B. F. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1914967117 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationBibi, Z., Ahmad, J., Ali, A., Siddiqa, A., Shahzad, S., Tareen, S. H. K., Janjua, H. A., & Khusro, S. (2016) · Complex Adaptive Systems Modeling · doi:10.1186/s40294-015-0013-4 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Estimating the Infectivity of CCR5-Tropic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIV mac251 in the Gut
Wilson, D. P., Mattapallil, J. J., Lay, M. D. H., Zhang, L., Roederer, M., & Davenport, M. P. (2007) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01771-06 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Self-citationPetravic, J., Ribeiro, R. M., Casimiro, D. R., Mattapallil, J. J., Roederer, M., Shiver, J. W., & Davenport, M. P. (2008) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.01596-08 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationThe dynamics of simian immunodeficiency virus after depletion of CD8+ cells
Ojeda, E. F. C., Apetrei, C., Pandrea, I., & Ribeiro, R. M. (2018) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/imr.12691 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationTherapeutic immunization strategies for the control of HIV-1
Dorrell, L. (2005) · Expert Review of Vaccines · doi:10.1586/14760584.4.4.513 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Perelson, A. S., Phan, T., Conway, J. M., Pagane, N., Kreig, J. A. F., Sambaturu, N., Iyaniwura, S. A., Li, J. Z., Ribeiro, R. M., & Ke, R. (2024) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1012236 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationBairagi, N., & Adak, D. (2017) · Chaos Solitons & Fractals · doi:10.1016/j.chaos.2017.05.036 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Joslyn, L. R., Pienaar, E., DiFazio, R. M., Suliman, S., Kagina, B. M. N., Flynn, J. L., Scriba, T. J., Linderman, J. J., & Kirschner, D. E. (2018) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01734 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Of mice, macaques and men: scaling of virus dynamics and immune responses
Althaus, C. L. (2015) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00355 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Contrasting B cell- and T cell-based protective vaccines
Jansen, V. A. A., Altes, H. K., Funk, G. A., & Wodarz, D. (2004) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2004.11.006 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Deng, Q., Qiu, Z., Guo, T., & Rong, L. (2020) · Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems - B · doi:10.3934/dcdsb.2020245 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
HIV Dynamics With Immune Responses: Perspectives From Mathematical Modeling
Schwartz, E. J., Biggs, K. R. H., Bailes, C., Ferolito, K. A., & Vaidya, N. K. (2016) · Current Clinical Microbiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s40588-016-0049-z · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Optimal control of an HIV model with a trilinear antibody growth function
Allali, K., Harroudi, S., & Torres, D. F. M. (2021) · Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems - S · doi:10.3934/dcdss.2021148 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Mechanistic basis of post-treatment control of SIV after anti-α4β7 antibody therapy
Wells, C. R., Cao, Y., Durham, D. P., Byrareddy, S. N., Ansari, A. A., Ruddle, N. H., Townsend, J. P., Galvani, A. P., & Perelson, A. S. (2021) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009031 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationTiming of CD8 T cell effector responses in viral infections
Stipp, S. R., Iniguez, A., Wan, F. Y. M., & Wodarz, D. (2016) · Royal Society Open Science · doi:10.1098/rsos.150661 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Kinetics of Major Histocompatibility Class I Antigen Presentation in Acute Infection
Lay, M. D. H., Zhang, L., Ribeiro, R. M., Mueller, S. N., Belz, G. T., & Davenport, M. P. (2009) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.182.2.902 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationTime-delayed model of autoimmune dynamics
Fatehi, F., Kyrychko, Y. N., & Blyuss, K. B. (2019) · Mathematical Biosciences & Engineering · doi:10.3934/mbe.2019279 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Martyushev, A., Petravic, J., Grimm, A. J., Alinejad‐Rokny, H., Gooneratne, S. L., Reece, J. C., Cromer, D., Kent, S. J., & Davenport, M. P. (2015) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1400793 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citationMathematical modeling of N-803 treatment in SIV-infected non-human primates
Cody, J. W., Ellis-Connell, A. L., O’Connor, S. L., & Pienaar, E. (2021) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009204 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Defining Kinetic Properties of HIV-Specific CD8+ T-Cell Responses in Acute Infection
Yang, Y., & Ganusov, V. V. (2019) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms7030069 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Evolution of viral life-cycle in response to cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated immunity
Louzoun, Y., & Ganusov, V. V. (2012) · Journal of Theoretical Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2012.06.020 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Predator-prey dynamics in a uniform medium lead to directed percolation and wave-train propagation
Agranovich, A., & Louzoun, Y. (2012) · Physical Review E · doi:10.1103/physreve.85.031911 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Modeling the immunological pre-adaptation of HIV-1Preprint
van Dorp, C. H., van Boven, M., & de Boer, R. J. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.01.08.897983 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Visualizing Antigen-Specific and Infected Cells in Situ Predicts Outcomes in Early Viral Infection
Li, Q., Skinner, P. J., Ha, S., Duan, L., Mattila, T. L., Hage, A., White, C., Barber, D. L., O’Mara, L. A., Southern, P. J., et al. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1168676 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Cody, J. W., Ellis-Connell, A. L., O’Connor, S. L., & Pienaar, E. (2023) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011425 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Swathirajan, C. R., Vignesh, R., Waldrop, G. E., Shanmugasundaram, U., Nandagopal, P., Solomon, S. S., Pradeep, A., Saravanan, S., & Murugavel, K. G. (2018) · Current HIV Research · doi:10.2174/1570162x17666181212122607 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Moving the HIV vaccine field forward: concepts of protective immunity
Kent, S. J., & Davenport, M. P. (2019) · The Lancet HIV · doi:10.1016/s2352-3018(19)30134-1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationThe effect of early versus delayed challenge after vaccination in controlling SHIV 89.6P infection
Chavez, L. L., Davenport, M. P., Shiver, J. W., Tussey, L., Cox, K. S., Bachinsky, M., Wang, F., Huang, L., Schleif, W. A., Davies, M.-E., et al. (2008) · Virology · doi:10.1016/j.virol.2008.07.042 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationOptimal Control Design for a HIV‐1 Model With Time Delay and Functional Responses
Pradeesh, M., Rihan, F. A., & Mani, P. (2025) · Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences · doi:10.1002/mma.70109 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Effectiveness of a 'hunter' virus in controlling human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
Garcı́a-Ramos, G., Castillo, D., & Crowley, P. H. (2010) · Journal of General Virology · doi:10.1099/vir.0.023028-0 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Simple Mathematical Models Do Not Accurately Predict Early
Noecker, C. A., Schaefer, K. A., Zaccheo, K., Yang, Y., & Ganusov, V. V. (2015) · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Understanding the Failure of CD8 + T-Cell Vaccination against Simian/Human Immunodeficiency Virus
de Boer, R. J. (2007) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00830-07 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
A hunter virus that targets both infected cells and HIV free virions: Implications for therapy
Greer, C., & Garcı́a-Ramos, G. (2012) · Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling · doi:10.1186/1742-4682-9-52 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Immunotherapy of HIV Infection: Dendritic Cells as Targets and Tools
Capone, I., Tambussi, G., Rizza, P., & Lazzarin, A. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-33785-2_14
The ongoing evolutionary battle between the immune system and viruses : MHC molecules verus HIV
van Deutekom, H. W. M. (2013) · Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University)
Menéndez, A. (2005) · Summit (Simon Fraser University)
Understanding antagonistic coevolution via mathematical modelling and data analysis
Mostowy, R. J. (2011) · Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich) · doi:10.3929/ethz-a-006682945
Kent, S. J., Purcell, D. F. J., Zuber, B., Ramshaw, I. A., Rollman, E., Smith, M. Z., & Brööks, A. G. (2017)
Sliding mode control theory interprets elite control of HIV
Anelone, A. J. N., Kim, P., & Spurgeon, S. K. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-32-390171-0.00017-2
- Authors
- Davenport, M. P., Ribeiro, R. M., & Perelson, A. S.
- Affiliations
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Virology
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2004-09-15
- Volume
- 78
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 10096-10103
- ISSN
- 0022-538X (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5514
- PMC
- PMC515020
- OpenAlex
- W2093889144
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 2.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Virology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Energy (W-7405, W-7405-ENG-36)
- James S. McDonnell Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (AI28433)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R37AI028433, AI28433, R01AI028433)
- National Center for Research Resources (RR 06555, R01RR006555)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
- Keywords
- HIV infection, CD8+ T cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, vaccine-induced immunity, viral replication kinetics, viral load, persistent infection, HIV vaccine efficacy, disease progression
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Kinetics, Macaca mulatta, Time Factors, Virus Replication, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV-1, HIV Infections, Gene Products, gag, Immunodominant Epitopes, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS Vaccines, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, SAIDS Vaccines
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review