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A Novel Enterococcus faecalis Heme Transport Regulator (FhtR) Senses Host Heme To Control Its Intracellular Homeostasis
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Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis , a normal and harmless colonizer of the human intestinal flora can cause severe infectious diseases in immunocompromised patients, particularly those that have been heavily treated with antibiotics. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors that promote its resistance and its virulence. E. faecalis , which cannot synthesize heme, an essential but toxic metabolite, needs to scavenge this molecule from the host to respire and fight stress generated by oxidants.
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Bacterial pathogens including C. difficile and Enterococcus faecalis are sensitive to increased haem levels in the gut and encode systems to export haem under these conditions.
“Bacterial patho gens including the enteric pathogens C. difficile and Enterococcus faecalis are sensitive to increased haem levels in the gut and encode systems to export haem under these conditions 146-148 .”
From Nutritional immunity: the battle for nutrient metals at the host–pathogen interface (2022) · cites this paper as [148]
The Results section, “The conserved heme efflux transporter HrtBAEf is functional in E. faecalis” (page unavailable), shows that E. faecalis has a heme efflux transporter and that high hemin concentrations impair growth when it is deleted. The Discussion and gastrointestinal-tract results show that the transporter is induced in the gut, but do not establish that increased gut heme reaches toxic levels there. This paper does not itself establish the claim for C. difficile. (LLM, conf=0.83)
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Metadata
- Authors
- Saillant, V., Lipuma, D., Ostyn, E., Joubert, L., Boussac, A., Guerin, H., Brandelet, G., Arnoux, P., & Lechardeur, D.
- Affiliations
- AgroParisTech (FR)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Lechardeur, Delphine
- Venue
- mBio
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2021-02-23
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e03392-20
- ISSN
- 2150-7511 (ISSN-L)
- 2161-2129
- PMC
- PMC7858072
- OpenAlex
- W3126817304
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 3
- FWCI
- 4.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- mBio (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- HAL AMU (submittedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (HemeDetox - 17-CE11-0044-01)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Escherichia coli research studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Hemoglobin structure and function
- Keywords
- Enterococcus faecalis, heme transport, heme sensing, heme scavenging, antibiotic resistance, virulence, oxidative stress, iron acquisition
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Bacterial Proteins, Female, Heme, Homeostasis, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Enterococcus faecalis, Protein Transport, Gastrointestinal Tract, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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