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Genomic and Proteomic Profiling Reveals Reduced Mitochondrial Function and Disruption of the Neuromuscular Junction Driving Rat Sarcopenia
Open accessAbstract
Molecular mechanisms underlying sarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, remain unclear. To identify molecular changes that correlated best with sarcopenia and might contribute to its pathogenesis, we determined global gene expression profiles in muscles of rats aged 6, 12, 18, 21, 24, and 27 months. These rats exhibit sarcopenia beginning at 21 months. Correlation of the gene expression versus muscle mass or age changes, and functional annotation analysis identified gene signatures of sarcopenia distinct from gene signatures of aging. Specifically, mitochondrial energy metabolism (e.g., tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation) pathway genes were the most downregulated and most significantly correlated with sarcopenia. Also, perturbed were genes/pathways associated with neuromuscular junction patency (providing molecular evidence of sarcopenia-related functional denervation and neuromuscular junction remodeling), protein degradation, and inflammation. Proteomic analysis of samples at 6, 18, and 27 months confirmed the depletion of mitochondrial energy metabolism proteins and neuromuscular junction proteins. Together, these findings suggest that therapeutic approaches that simultaneously stimulate mitochondrogenesis and reduce muscle proteolysis and inflammation have potential for treating sarcopenia.
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“Accordingly, the reduction of the mitochondrial fusion machinery in muscle has been linked to age-related sarcopenia [185–187], and metabolic diseases like obesity and type 2 diabetes [188, 189] in both rodents and humans.”
From The connection between the dynamic remodeling of the mitochondrial network and the regulation of muscle mass (2021) · cites this paper as [185]
In the citing paper
“Muscle loss in aging sarcopenia [185, 187, 215], cancer cachexia, chemotherapy-induced cachexia [157–159], and in a model of myasthenia gravis [216], is characterized by the decline of both fusion and fission machinery.”
From The connection between the dynamic remodeling of the mitochondrial network and the regulation of muscle mass (2021) · cites this paper as [185]
In the citing paper
“However, muscle loss in aging sarcopenia, cancer cachexia, and myasthenia gravis are characterized by the decline of both fusion machinery and fission machinery [6,11,12,15,16,17,18].”
From Inhibition of the Fission Machinery Mitigates OPA1 Impairment in Adult Skeletal Muscles (2019) · cites this paper as [11]
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“both the mRNA level and the protein abundance of important fusion and fission proteins have been reported to be lower in old as compared to young adult skeletal muscle (55)”
From Mitochondria initiate and regulate sarcopenia (2017) · cites this paper as [55]
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“Together, these observations support for the idea that muscle mitochondria are important regulators of muscle size.”
From Mitochondria initiate and regulate sarcopenia (2017) · cites this paper as [55]
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“Denervation and neuromuscular dysfunction are well-recognized as important contributors to sarcopenia.”
From Skeletal muscle aging, cellular senescence, and senotherapeutics: current knowledge and future directions (2021) · cites this paper as Ibebunjo et al., 2013
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ibebunjo, C., Chick, J. M., Kendall, T., Eash, J. K., Li, C., Zhang, Y., Vickers, C., Wu, Z., Clarke, B. A., Shi, J., Cruz, J., Fournier, B., Brachat, S., Gutzwiller, S., Ma, Q., Markovits, J., Broome, M., Steinkrauss, M., Skuba, E., Galarneau, J.-R., Gygi, S. P., & Glass, D. J.
- Affiliations
- Muscle Diseases Group, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard University (US)
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (CH)
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Developmental and Molecular Pathways, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Preclinical Safety Sciences, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Venue
- Molecular and Cellular Biology
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2013-01-01
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 194-212
- ISSN
- 0270-7306 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5549
- PMC
- PMC3554128
- OpenAlex
- W2097103188
- Cited by
- 267
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 6
- FWCI
- 5.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Molecular and Cellular Biology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Keywords
- sarcopenia, skeletal muscle aging, mitochondrial bioenergetics, oxidative phosphorylation, TCA cycle, neuromuscular junction, muscle protein degradation, muscle inflammation, gene expression profiling, proteomic profiling, mitochondrial dysfunction, rat model
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, DNA, Mitochondrial, Energy Metabolism, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Mitochondria, Neuromuscular Junction, Postmortem Changes, Signal Transduction, Up-Regulation, Linear Models, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Muscle, Skeletal, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Proteome, Gene Expression Profiling, Proteomics, Microarray Analysis, Rats, Muscle Strength, Sarcopenia, Transcriptome
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