The unsettled baby: how complexity science helps
Abstract
Although unsettled behaviour is a common problem in the first months of life, families complain that they receive conflicting advice from health professionals. A simplistic, biomedical approach may cause harm, because only 5% of unsettled babies have organic disturbance. However, an approach that focuses on psychosocial support may fail to diagnose correctable clinical problems, including feeding difficulty, which paradoxically risks entrenching parental anxiety and disrupted mother–child relations long term. Applied complexity science frames the mother and baby as a complex adaptive system (CAS), made up of multiple known and unknown dynamically interacting and co-evolving factors out of which cry-fuss behaviours emerge, and demands a transdisciplinary integration of evidence. Applied complexity science makes sense of the puzzling non-linear interrelationships observed between cry-fuss problems and various factors, including aversive feeding behaviours, or perinatal anxiety and depression. The CAS of the mother and baby self-organises according to inherent patterns determined by a long evolutionary history, emphasising the importance of supporting parents' trust in, and attunement with, their unsettled baby's innate capacity for self-regulation in the first months of life. The CAS of the mother and baby displays sensitivity to initial conditions, so that a small change early on may have unpredictable and disproportionate effects after an unpredictable time lag, emphasising the importance of early intervention once unsettledness emerges. …
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Unaddressed parental sleep disruption can lead to negative outcomes for infants such as being medicated, medicalised, punished and abused.
“Furthermore, unaddressed parental sleep disruption can lead to negative outcomes for infants such as being medicated [11], medicalised [12], punished and abused [13].”
From Development and evaluation of ‘Sleep, Baby & You’—An approach to supporting parental well-being and responsive infant caregiving (2020) · cites this paper as [12]
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Routine del sonno: una scelta informata e consapevole... nella complessità.
Bontempo, F., Malventano, M., Corbelli, E., Fazzio, G. D., Regazzi, C., Davoli, A. M., Vignali, D., Ubaldi, A., Ferrari, E., Marchesi, M., et al. (2024) · Medico e Bambino · doi:10.53126/meb43420
Life Course Perspectives on Maternal and Child Health
Russ, S. A., & Halfon, N. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-5428-6_2
- Authors
- Douglas, P. S., Hill, P. S., & Brodribb, W.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Douglas, P. S.
- Venue
- Archives of Disease in Childhood
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2011-02-05
- Volume
- 96
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 793-797
- ISSN
- 0003-9888 (ISSN-L)
- 1468-2044
- OpenAlex
- W2098482183
- Cited by
- 44
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 10.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Disease in Childhood (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Infant Health and Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Keywords
- complexity science, complex adaptive systems, mother-infant relationship, parental anxiety, infant self-regulation, early intervention, nonlinear dynamics, sensitivity to initial conditions, infant feeding problems
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Adaptation, Psychological, Breast Feeding, Crying, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant Care, Infant, Newborn, Irritable Mood, Mother-Child Relations, Primary Health Care, Systems Theory
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